HNV-loaded PLGA microspheres (HNV-PLGA MSs) were prepared by water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. The surface of prepared HNV-PLGA MSs is smooth and nonporous with an average diameter of 69.9 μm. The drug-loading rate and encapsulation rate of HNV-PLGA MSs are 4.40 ± 0.26% and 48.51 ± 14.83%, respectively. Additionally, 43.36% of HNV was released from PLGA MSs after seven days of incubation. The antibacterial effects of HNV released from PLGA were as good as the pure HNV. HNV-loaded PLGA microspheres were successfully prepared using double emulsion solvent evaporation technique and their properties met the requirements for local anti-infection.
Osteomyelitis is difficult to treat because infective bone is poorly accessible for intravenously administering antibiotics and biofilm formation increases bacterial resistance. In this study, microspheres prepared using poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and embedded with moxifloxacin (MOX-PLGA microspheres) and rifampicin/moxifloxacin (RIF/MOX-PLGA microspheres) using the water-in-oil-inwater double emulsion solvent evaporation technique were used for local delivery. Shape of MOX-PLGA microspheres and RIF/MOX-PLGA microspheres were spherical, mean particle size of them were 20.52 lm and 16.62 lm, respectively. Encapsulation efficiency of the MOX-PLGA microspheres was 17.35% ± 2.42%. However, the encapsulation efficiency for MOX and RIF in RIF/MOX-PLGA microspheres was 33.25% ± 7.51% and 49.0% ± 11.25%, respectively. Moxifloxacin and rifampicin were released slowly from microspheres. Both microspheres can efficiently release antibiotics in vitro. Antibacterial and bacterial biofilm-inhibition properties of the released solution were investigated from RIF/MOX-PLGA, MOX-PLGA, and blank PLGA microspheres at varying time points in vitro. RIF/ MOX-PLGA microspheres demonstrated the strongest antibacterial activity and bacterial biofilm-inhibition property than the other two microspheres (p < .05). This study suggests that the novel RIF/ MOX-PLGA microspheres can be used as a promising carrier for osteomyelitis treatment.
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