The Lonar Lake of Maharashtra is a crater based-saline lake. During the month of June 2020, this lake suddenly changed its colour and turned to pink due to the presence of Haloarchaea microbes, and this species have a unique adaptation style to survive in high saline condition. The salinity of this lake is increasing due to less rainfall, low human intervention, and an increase in the temperature of this region. These microbes produce fantastic bloom, which can be sensed from outer space because of red-orange carotenoids production. In this work, Sentinel 2A datasets have been used for the duration of January 2020 to June 2020. These datasets have been processed in Google Earth Engine platform and several indices like Salinity Index, Surface Algal Bloom Index, and Normalized Difference Haloarchaea Index have been calculated. With the help of these indices, it has been found that the appearance of these microbes has happened in the early part of June 2020, and in more precise terms, it can be stated that between May 31 and June 5, these microbes have appeared in the lake.
and less turbid river water can be considered as possible reasons for algal bloom development. In this work, the optical remote sensing-based Sentinel 2 datasets have been used for the duration of mid-May 2021 to mid-June 2021. These datasets have been processed in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, and chlorophyll concentration has been calculated using different satellite-based indices or band ratios. The chlorophyll concentration measurements have quantified the algal bloom growth. These indices or band ratios have been analyzed using several artificial neural network (ANN) architectures like multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) along with the in situ values. It has been found that chlorophyll concentration has been highest for the mid-June 2021 time period in the considered river stretch.
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