Аim. Main goal is the study of the microscopic fungi composition in the air of Arctic stations located along the Northern Sea Route. Methods. The study of aeromycota was carried out at 30 Arctic polar stations. The state of the Arctic territories was assessed in accordance with the methodology approved by the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation. Air sampling in living and working zones was carried out with a PU-1B aspirator. Microorganisms were precipitated from air (volume of 250-1 000 l) on agar medium. The identification of micromycetes was carried out on the basis of cultural and morphological features as well as using molecular methods. The isolates of the dominant species were tested for their ability to grow at a temperature of 37 °C (potential virulence). Results. In total, 40 species of micromycetes were found in the air environment of the Arctic stations. Most of them belonged to anamorphic fungi of ascomycete affinity. A significant part of the identified fungi (65%) are the human pathogens (group IV pathogenicity in SP 1.3.2322-08). The highest diversity of fungi (20 species) was noted in the aeromycota of Tiksi. The number of microscopic fungi in the air of all the investigated Arctic stations was moderate and varied from several colony forming units (CFU) to 254 CFU per 1 m3 of air. The largest number of micromycetes in the air of living spaces (more than 200 CFU per 1 m3 of air) was recorded on the islands of Vize and Troynoy (the archipelago of Izvestia CIK). The minimum number of micromycetes was in the air of small (both island and continental) polar stations, regardless of their location. Conclusion. The composition of the aeromycota of Arctic polar stations was characterized by the dominance of fungi associated with anthropogenic habitats. The obtained data indicate the need to control the number of potential human pathogens and allergenic fungi found in the areas of Arctic settlements.
With the development of technology of purification of toxic oil-containing liquid waste it was shown that the complex compound of the wastewater, its reducing nature (low negative redox-potential) can cause low efficiency of electrolytic coagulation stage and induce coagulation after membrane filtration stage. The possibility of "membrane activation" of the coagulation process was tested with the polystyrene latex model system. In addition, there was shown a lower rate of the electrolytic coagulation with the model system based on phosphate buffer, sodium chloride, an organic dye, gasoline, sodium sulfide than with a similar system adjusted to positive values of redox-potential using hydrogen peroxide. In both cases the analysis of particle size distributions was performed using the analyzer Zetatrac (Microtrac Inc., USA, measured outside dimensions 0.8–6500 nm). Thus, the necessity of control and correction of the redox-potential of the wastewater entering to the coagulation-membrane post-treatment for the effective process of electrolytic coagulation preceding the membrane filtration stage was shown
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