Abstract. The complex cultural processes related to the conservation of the ancient heritage had taken place in the period of Late Antiquity. At the same period, the high school of a new had been shaped -the school with the classical religious content that would satisfy the needs of the Christian society. The leaders of the third sophistry, in particular, Himerius, a teacher of Basil the Great and Gregory the Theologian and head of the rhetorical school in Athens of 2nd half of the 4th c. A.D., played an important role in this process. In his 34 preserved speeches classical themes dominate, and the poetic spirit is observed. Information about other speeches was obtained through excerpts and references of Photius (9th c. A.D.). In addition to the rhetoric, some Himerius's speech fragments are also of special interest. Theses fragments refer to the rhetorical school and teaching, as well as appropriate vocabulary. The heritage of Himerius is very poorly studied in Russian historical science and is in need of updating. Himerius was on a par with other prominent rhetoricians of that period -Libanius from Antioch and Themistius from Constantinople, but in comparison to them Himerius was more committed to the classical tradition.The authors of the present article are grateful to Dr. R.J. Penella for discussing some ideas of this article.
Introduction. The article presents an analysis of North African society on the eve of Belisarius’s campaign against the vandals in North Africa (533–534). The campaign directed by Justinian under the leadership of Belisarius aimed to return the territory of North Africa to the Roman Empire. Methods. The methodological basis of this work is the concept of the Late Antiquity, the core of which is studying the people’s mentality, since the existing work on this issue focuses solely on socio-economic and political cause-and-effect relationships of the further confrontation between the Moorish and Roman tribes. Actually, the methods are the following: the historical-systemic method was the most important (an attempt to analyze the specifics of North African society on the eve of the war with the Vandals). Analysis. We divided North African society into three groups: the Vandals, the Libyans, the Moorish. The last two groups and their attitude towards the inclusion in the Roman Empire were of the greatest interest. Some of the tribes supported Justinian’s idea of the Reconquista and fought against the Vandals. Some supported the vandals. Nomadic tribes remained neutral. In our opinion, supporting the military campaign against the Vandals was due not only to economic reasons, but also mental ones. Thus, the research interest was caused by the transition period but not only in relation to the “Late Roman – Early Byzantium” line, but also because the region was romanized (presence of Latin culture, including the language segment), then it was part of the Vandal kingdom, after that – part of the Roman Empire (synthesis of Greek and Latin culture, with the predominance of Greek one). Results. In the course of the campaign against the vandals, North African society was represented by several social groups: the Vandals, the Libyans and the Мооrish – tribes that have their own cultural characteristics. Some tribes, who were in the Romanized zone (before the arrival of the Vandals), were on the side of Belisarius and fought against the Vandals. With extreme caution, we can say that this was due not only to socio-economic or political reasons, but also to mental ones. In our opinion, Byzantine Africa was a synthesis of Latin and Greek with the prevalence of the latter, and the Romanized population still wanted to feel part of the Roman Empire.
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