A simple and efficient method for N-arylation of 1,2,4-triazole at room temperature was described by the use of predominant (111) facet CuO nanoparticles as a catalyst in ligand-free condition. The catalyst was recyclable, and a variety of substrates give N-arylation product in high yield with short period of reaction time. The wide scope of this catalyst led us to investigate transformations involving less-reactive nitrogen nucleophiles, such as imidazole and pyrazoles. We were pleased to find that various derivatives of azoles were effectively coupled with aryl iodide to afford the desired N-arylated product in excellent yield.
One-pot synthesis of Ni nanoparticles was carried by solution reduction process successfully in aqueous media by using hydrazine hydrate as a reducing agent. Greener stabilizing agent starch is used as a stabilizer, which also acts as a particle protector toward oxidation. The morphologies of the synthesized Ni nanoparticles were characterized by TEM and XRD. The prepared Ni nanoparticles were used as a catalyst in the reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol under hydrothermal condition in the presence of sodium borohydrate as a source of hydrogen. The conversion was excellent (97%), as confirmed by LCMS. This also confirmed by the UV-visible spectrum study of the reaction mixture. The Ni nanoparticles were recycled at least five times without much loss in the catalytic activity.
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