Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in the world. Cell membrane injury is an important mechanism for pathophysoilogical changes in DM. Osmotic fragility (OF) status of Red blood cell (RBC) in hyperglycemic patients is expected to be increased. This study was conducted in Chittagong medical college hospital and Chittagong Diabetic Hospital from January 2015 to December 2015. 100 newly diagnosed (duration ≤ 3 years) type II diabetes mellitus patients (Fasting blood glucose is ≥7 mmol/L) were selected as cases. Age, sex and BMI matched 100 healthy subjects were included as control. OF of RBC was measured by traditional method with a series of hypotonic solution of NaCl of different strength in twelve test tubes numbered serially. The relationship of OF with Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and two hours post prandial blood sugar (2 HPPBS) were evaluated. Unpaired Student 't' test and Pearson's correlation coefficient test were done for statistical analysis. p value <0.05 was considered as significant. 87% of cases showed normal hemolysis and only 12% had early hemolysis. Mean value of NaCl solution for partial and complete hemolysis in cases were 0.44±0.06(%) and 0.32±0.02(%) respectively; for control group the findings were 0.04±0.06(%) and 0.32±0.02(%). Significant relationship (p<0.001) was found regarding osmotic fragility with FBS ≥ 7 mmol/L and 2 HPPBS ≥ 11.1 mmol/L. OF of RBC is increased in type II diabetes mellitus.
Background: Anaemia is an almost invariable consequence of Chronic Kidney Disease. Among other causes, excessive haemolysis is also seen in advanced renal failure. The aim of this study is to observe the range of osmotic fragility of RBC in patients with chronic kidney disease and correlate the fragile states of RBC with different stages of chronic kidney disease. Materials and methods: It is a hospital based cross sectional observational study. 100 patients of diagnosed case of chronic kidney disease admitted in the Department of Nephrology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital were selected as cases and 100 apparently healthy persons, age and sex matched were selected as controls. Osmotic fragility of RBC was determined manually by traditional method in the department of Physiology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong. Data were analyzed by different statistical methods. Results: In our study, among the case group (100 patients), we found that 5.5% were on CKD stage III, 21% on stage IV, 23.5% on stage V. And 50% (100 apparently healthy subjects) were taken as control. Among the case group RBC osmotic fragility was decreased in 69% and remaining 31% was normal. Here the mean (±SD) of strength of NaCl solution were 0.30 (±0.05) and 0.44(±0.04)% in case and control group respectively where RBCs were partially hemolysed. The mean (±SD) of strength of NaCl Solution were 0.11 (±0.10) and 0.21(±0.09)% in case and control group respectively where RBCs were completely hemolysed. Again the mean (±SD) of strength of NaCl Solution were 0.33 (±0.03), 0.29 (±0.06) and 0.30(±0.05)% in CKD patients with stage III, IV and V respectively where RBCs were partially hemolysed. The mean (±SD) of strength of NaCl soluton were 0.14 (±0.09) and 0.08(±0.10)% and 0.12(±0.10)% in CKD patients with stage III, IV and V respectively where RBCs were completely hemolysed. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that osmotic fragility status of RBC of CKD patients was significantly decreased which were inconsistent with other study. JCMCTA 2017 ; 28 (1) : 52 - 56
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic progressive obstructive airway disease which is often associated with cardiovascular diseases. Sympathetic dysfunction may complicate the cardiovascular diseases which may in turn increase the morbidity and mortality in COPD patients. Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate sympathetic cardiovascular function status of COPD patients to reduce the cardiovascular complication in those patients. Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was carried out at the department of Physiology and department of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College, Rajshahi from July 2013 to June 2014. Results: A total number of 80 subjects aged 40-55 years were selected, among which 40 were clinically diagnosed COPD patients (case) and 40 were age, sex and BMI matched apparently healthy persons for comparison (control group). To observe sympathetic cardiovascular function status resting pulse rate, resting systolic BP, resting diastolic BP, decline of systolic BP in response to standing from lying position (orthostatic test) and rise of diastolic BP in response to sustained hand grip for 5 minutes (isometric exercise test) were measured. For statistical analysis Independent sample t-test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test were performed. In this study resting pulse rate, systolic BP, diastolic BP and rise of diastolic blood pressure in isometric exercise test were significantly increased in COPD than in healthy control group. On the other hand, decline of systolic blood pressure in orthostatic test was significantly decreased in COPD than in control group. Conclusion: This study concludes that sympathetic cardiovascular function is overactive in COPD and sympathetic over activity correlates with severity of the disease.
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