Objective: The aim of the study is to correlate the AST to platelets ratio (APRI) with different stages of liver fibrosis measured by the fibroscan. Methods: The study included 40 patients. The study was conducted in outpatient clinic of Lahore General Hospital. The study duration was from November-2020 to January-2021. Their fibroscan data was collected from hepatic clinic of general hospital OPD and their AST and Platelets values were obtained retrogradely from the PACS system of hospital. Correlation between the APRI and fibroscan values was done by linear Pearson correlation test. Results: APRI values showed moderately positive correlation with increased kpa values and different stages of fibrosis (r=0.55). Similarly, the correlation coefficient of AST also shown to be moderately positive correlated with kpa values and stages of fibrosis however this correlation was slightly weak as compared to APRI values (r=0.49). The correlation coefficient (r) for platelets showed moderately negative correlation with liver fibrosis stages (r=-0.43). Conclusions: APRI levels increased as the degree of fibrosis and inflammation increased in patients suffering from chronic hep B and hep C. So, our data showed the clinical significance of APRI levels in diagnosing extent of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Keywords: AST, Platelets, APRI, fibroscan, chronic hepatitis
Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the role of computed tomography in identifying the various pattern of pneumatization in the sphenoid sinuses.Knowledge of pattern of pneumatization is essential for various trans-sphenoidal surgical procedures. Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted at tertiary care hospital Lahore General Hospital Department of Diagnostic Radiology from the period of June 2020 to December 2020.The study consisted of a total of 80 patients from age group of 20 years to 70 years who were referred to the Department of Diagnostic Radiology for CT scan(PNS) .Patients of age less than 20 years , previous facial surgeries , trauma of skull base and having tumor of sphenoid sinuses were excluded. Sphenoid sinuses images were evaluated for pneumatization by posterior and anterior extensions. RESULTS: The patients included were in the age range of 20-70 year with an average age of 43.5 year in which 44 (55%) were male and 36(45) were female The pneumatization pattern observed in the sphenoid sinuses in descending order was as follows , post sellar prevalence was 75%, prevalence of sellar was 10% and 2.5% was presellar. Conchal prevelance was observed to be 0%. Conclusion: Sphenoid sinus anatomy review before trans-sphenoidal surgery is vital for safer endoscopic instrumentation of the patients . Keyword: Sphenoid sinus, pneumatization, cerebral fluid leak, endoscopy
Introduction: The variations in anterior cerebral artery (ACA) has high clinical significance for surgeons Aim: This study aims to assess the variations of ACA with the help of CT angiography (CTA) Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted from Nov 2019 to Feb 2020 at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. In total, 150 patients went under detailed analysis. The demographic data such as age and gender were noted for each patient. The CTA was performed with the help of 128-slice CT scanner. The reports were assessed by an experienced radiologist. Anatomic variations were noted and presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: The study included 92 (61.33%) were females and 58 (38.66%) were males with mean age 50.2 ± 3.7 years. Azygos anterior cerebral artery was present in 14 patients (9%), hypoplasia of anterior cerebral artery A1 segment in 43 (35.66%) patients,11 (7.33%) patients showed bi-hemispheric anterior cerebral artery, right anterior cerebral artery dominance in 2 (1.33%) patients, 8 (4.33 %) were detected with congenital absence of A1 segment. Anterior cerebral artery trifurcation had prevalence of 6(3.2%). Conclusion: It can be concluded that anterior cerebral artery variations have low prevalence and CT angiography is a gold method for detecting them.
Objective: To determine the mean distance of mandibular incisive canal from the mental foramen in patients reporting to a tertiary care centre using Cone Beam Computerized Tomography for placement of dental implants in the anterior/interforaminal region. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Prosthodontics, Foundation University College of Dentistry Rawalpindi, Jun to Nov 2019. Methodology: A total of 70 patients participated between the age of 20-45 years. Cone Beam Computerized Tomography (the investigation was carried out and measurements of the mandibular incisive canal from mental foramen were recorded with the help of measuring tools in the software and noted down on the proforma. Data were analyzed using SPSS-20. Results: The number of patients selected for this study was 70. Out of these 70 patients, 33 (47.1%) were males and 37 (52.9%) were females. The mean age of patients in this study was 36.31 ± 6.38 years. The mean distance/extension of the mandibular incisive canal from left mental foramen and right mental foramen in all patients was recorded to be 14.49 ± 6.31 mm and 14.97 ± 7.10 mm respectively. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it is concluded that a maximum distance of 22mm of the incisive canal from the mental foramen was observed using cone-beam computerized tomography.
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