BackgroundThe usual stereotypical dermoscopic pattern associated with dermatofibromas is a pigment network and central white patch. However, this pattern may be difficult to diagnose in some variant cases. We aimed to describe dermoscopic patterns of dermatofibroma according to its histopathological subtypes, with special emphasis on new and rare dermoscopic features.MethodsThis prospective study, which was conducted between September 2015 and May 2016 in the Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hassan II, Fez, Morocco, included 100 cases of dermatofibroma confirmed on clinical and histological grounds. Each lesion was scored for classic, previously reported, or new dermoscopic features.ResultsAll our Moroccan patients had a dark skin phototype (Fitzpatrick scale types IV and V). A total of 14 morphological dermoscopic structures were distinguished, and 17 dermoscopic patterns were observed, with the most common pattern being the central white patch and peripheral pigment network (21%). New patterns observed in our study were a white ring around an ulceration (6%), a pigment network with a pigmented ring around follicular openings (2%), and a discreet peripheral network and starlike white patch (3%). A patchy network with white patches was significantly noted in atrophic dermatofibroma (p = 0.01); vascularization was described in both aneurysmal and hemosiderotic dermatofibromas (p = 0.002); and a white ring around an ulceration was noted in aneurysmal dermatofibroma (p < 0.001).ConclusionsWe provide a description of dermoscopic patterns of dermatofibroma according to its histological subtypes in a dark skin phototype, along with a new report of a white ring around an ulceration as a significant pattern in aneurysmal dermatofibroma.

IntroductionTinea capitis is a scalp infection caused by different fungi. Etiological diagnosis is based on suggestive clinical findings and confirmation depends on the fungus growth in culture. However, it is not always possible to perform this test due to lack of availability. The association of clinical and dermatoscopic findings in suspected cases of tinea capitis may help the identification of the etiological agent, facilitating precocious, specific treatment.Materials and methodWe report a prospective descriptive analytical study of 34 children with tinea capitis. We performed a trichoscopic examination of all patients; only six children were able to have the mycological culture.ResultsTrichoscopy was abnormal in all 34 patients; it showed hair shaft abnormalities and, in some cases, scalp disorders too. We found that the comma and corkscrew appearance was found in microsporic tinea capitis, V-shaped hair was mainly seen in inflammatory tinea capitis, scales and follicular keratosis in non-inflammatory tinea capitis, and crusts and follicular pustules in inflammatory tinea capitis. Finally, erythema was seen in trichophytic and inflammatory tinea capitis.ConclusionWe propose a classification of trichoscopic signs of tinea capitis. This classification will enable rapid diagnosis and prediction of the type of fungus before mycological culture, thus a faster and more adapted management.Our study shows the importance of trichoscopy in the diagnosis and monitoring of tinea capitis. We suggest further prospective studies with a larger number of patients with tinea capitis, having performed mycological culture, to confirm this classification.

Although dermoscopy was primarily designed to facilitate in vivo diagnosis of skin tumors, recent advances indicate that it is also useful in the diagnosis of common skin infections and infestations. As such, dermoscopy links the research fields of dermatology and entomology to a field of "entomodermoscopy". In this article, we give an overview of current applications of dermoscopy in the diagnosis of warts.

Background: Data about the contribution and the implications of dermoscopy in trichostasis spinulosa (TS) are lacking in the literature. Objective: To describe dermoscopic features of TS in a large sample of patients and to correlate dermoscopy with clinical characteristics of the patients and therapeutic responses to medical treatments. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted (from October 2015 to June 2016) at the Department of Dermatology of Fez in Morocco. Dermoscopic signs were divided into signs of hair retention (SHR) and follicular keratosis (FK). Results: SHR was severe in 8.8% and minimal in 40.5% of all cases. Vellus hairs were observed in 81.6% of all cases and hair tufts were described in 48.7%. Dermoscopic blackhead-like structures (DBH) were found in 53.9% of all cases. FK was observed as orange-yellowish keratotic plugs in 92.7% of all cases. Therapeutic demand was significantly related to female gender (p = 0.002) and recurrences after medical treatment (p = 0.004). Complete improvement after medical treatment was only described in patients with DBH and minimal SHR (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Dermoscopy not only increases the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis in TS, but a new description of dermoscopic classification has also been proposed leading to therapeutic implications.

We present a clinical report of pigmented fungiform papillae of the tongue (PFPT), describing the dermoscopic pattern of the lesions. This case is of significance because, although PFPT is not uncommon, it is not present as an entity in most textbooks and seldom mentioned in the medical literature. Our aim is to emphasise that a prompt diagnosis will avoid further unnecessary investigations. Figure 2: Dermoscopy of the peigmented fungiform papillae.