Efforts to understand disparities in growth achievements among the regions are still being made. The concentration no longer lies in the physical capital, human capital, and population growth, yet it lies in how productivity is affected by institutions and social infrastructures. This study was aimed at investigating the influence of institutions, governance, regulations, and corruption on the income growth and speed of convergence. The estimation methods that we employed were cross-section, static panel, and static-dynamic on 491 data of regencies/cities in Indonesia from 2009 to 2015. This study has indicated that regional government institutions as entities that legally monopolize power in the constitutional system may encourage or distort the growth and speed of convergence, besides physical, human and population growth capitals. Institutions' capability of encouraging or reducing depends on fiscal policies, governance effectiveness (politicians and bureaucrats), the quality of regional regulations produced, and efforts made to eradicate corruption practices. Improper relations and interactions may breed a social conflict and inefficiency resulting in a weak system of incentives in the society and the productivity article.
Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) was officially merged on February 1, 2021. After the BSI merger, management have to face various challenges both internal and external to the company. This research is a descriptive study with qualitative methods and uses secondary data from various literatures. This study aims to examine the challenges of post-merger BSI both internal and external to the company. Several challenges must be faced by the company from the internal side, such as: differences in work culture, integration of systems, products, and services, as well as organizational restructuring. Meanwhile, the challenges from the external side of the company are: low literacy, inclusion and market share of sharia banking, different characteristics of customers from the three legacy banks that require good communication from BSI's human resources, demands to produce competitive and innovative products and improve performance.
The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the decline in economic sectors, including the SME sector. Based on research conducted by OJK, the COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on decreasing sales turnover for more than 80 percent of SMEs. Another study even stated that as many as 58% of SMEs close their businesses temporarily. This condition encourages the government to create various programs to support the sustainability of SME businesses. One of the programs is the Super Micro Credit program, which purposes to strengthen SME business capital. This article aims to see how they use Super Micro Credit funds and how it affects SMEs. The research method used is a quantitative approach using the index impact factors. The results showed that SMEs had utilized the use of funds from the Super Micro Credit program to increase capital (42%) and 37% of other needs related to business. However, 21% of SMEs use these funds for different conditions unrelated to business. Furthermore, the Super Micro Credit program positively impacts SMEs with an index score of 0.65. Meanwhile, partially Super Micro Credit has a positive influence in maintaining business continuity (index score 0.67), maintaining sales (index score 0.68) and employees (index score 0.58), conducting business development (index score 0.70), even to make a new attempt (0.60). This Super Micro Credit Program needs to be continued in the coming years so that the national economy can continue to run.
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