Background: The use of serological markers to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans is well-established. Because of the frequency of IBD in dogs and resources required for its diagnosis with current methods, new approaches are desired.Objective: The goal is to evaluate novel serologic markers to differentiate clinical cohorts in dogs with gastrointestinal (GI) disease and assess their potential to develop a serum-based IBD diagnostic test.Animals: Seventy dogs diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed IBD, 23 dogs with non-IBD predominantly acute GI diseases, and 58 normal dogs.Methods: Prospective control study. ELISA methods were developed to detect autoantibodies to polymorphonuclear leukocytes (APMNA) and calprotectin (ACNA), antibodies against gliadins (AGA), microbial outer membrane porin C (ACA), and flagellins (AFA) isolated from diseased dogs based on clinical and histopathological scoring.Results: IBD dogs displayed a 39%-76% prevalence of seropositivity against selected serologic markers that markedly decreased to 0%-13% in non-IBD and normal dogs.ROC analysis showed statistical significance in differentiating the cohorts, with seropositivity against OmpC being the highest single performance marker. The combination of markers such as OmpC and APMNA reached specificities of 93%-99% and 79%-98% and sensitivities of 76%-97% and 66%-86% when comparing IBD versus normal cohorts and non-IBD cohorts, respectively. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Seropositivity of canine immunoglobulinsA against selected serologic markers in dogs appears promising in the detection and differentiation of IBD versus other acute GI conditions. Among them, antibody
SUMMARY Non-cytotoxic Fc receptor blocking antibodies against autologous B lymphocytes were sought in sera from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), using a rosette inhibition assay. They were found in 11 of 52 (21%) of patients with CLL, but were not associated with previous blood transfusion or pregnancy, suggesting that they were unlikely to have resulted from allogeneic stimulation. Fc receptor blockade was more commonly detected in sera from patients with stage B rather than stage A CLL (Binet classification), though this did not achieve significance beyond the 90% level, and it was noted in 62 5% of those with lymphocyte doubling times of less than one year, compared with 36-3% of those whose lymphocyte doubling time was more than one year. The results indicate that autologous Fc receptor blocking antibody activity occurs in sera from patients with CLL, is more likely to be generated by the tumour itself than by allogeneic stimulation, and is associated with increased tumour load. Such antibodies may permit tolerance of tumour by the host.Blocking factors in tumour immunology were first described in mice with virus induced sarcomata.' 2
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