Evaluation of novel serological markers and autoantibodies in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Background: The use of serological markers to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans is well-established. Because of the frequency of IBD in dogs and resources required for its diagnosis with current methods, new approaches are desired.Objective: The goal is to evaluate novel serologic markers to differentiate clinical cohorts in dogs with gastrointestinal (GI) disease and assess their potential to develop a serum-based IBD diagnostic test.Animals: Seventy dogs diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed IBD, 23 dogs with non-IBD predominantly acute GI diseases, and 58 normal dogs.Methods: Prospective control study. ELISA methods were developed to detect autoantibodies to polymorphonuclear leukocytes (APMNA) and calprotectin (ACNA), antibodies against gliadins (AGA), microbial outer membrane porin C (ACA), and flagellins (AFA) isolated from diseased dogs based on clinical and histopathological scoring.Results: IBD dogs displayed a 39%-76% prevalence of seropositivity against selected serologic markers that markedly decreased to 0%-13% in non-IBD and normal dogs.ROC analysis showed statistical significance in differentiating the cohorts, with seropositivity against OmpC being the highest single performance marker. The combination of markers such as OmpC and APMNA reached specificities of 93%-99% and 79%-98% and sensitivities of 76%-97% and 66%-86% when comparing IBD versus normal cohorts and non-IBD cohorts, respectively. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Seropositivity of canine immunoglobulinsA against selected serologic markers in dogs appears promising in the detection and differentiation of IBD versus other acute GI conditions. Among them, antibody

Retracted: Utility of the combined use of 3 serologic markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic enteropathies in dogs

“…In this study, seropositivity was defined as the percentage of dogs of a given cohort exhibiting a serum titer of IgA antibodies against the specific marker above predetermined cut‐off values as described by Estruch et al 15 In this respect, serum from dogs with CE/IBD exhibited the highest seropositivity titers for ACA (104/157, 66.2%), ACNA (86/157, 55%), and AGA (118/157, 75.2%). For the normal cohort, seropositivity rates of 9% (3/33), 15% (5/33), and 6% (2/33) for ACA, ACNA, and AGA, respectively, were the lowest.…”

“…Both antigen targets and reagents were selected, developed and optimized specifically for dog IgA measurements. 15 Ninety-six well ELISA plates were coated with selected antigens for at least 16 hours and then washed. Plates were then blocked with blocking solution for at least 1 hour.…”

“…Dog serum with antibody responses to pANCA were characterized in dogs with GI disease populations 13 and were associated with CE/IBD dogs with specificities ranging between 76% and 94% when compared to dogs with other chronic GI disorders 14 . There are specific serological markers that have differential titers in CE/IBD cohorts when compared to cohorts with predominantly acute enteropathies or cohorts with no discernable GI disease 15 . Seropositivity to OmpC is highly prevalent in IBD dog cohorts.…”

“…14 There are specific serological markers that have differential titers in CE/IBD cohorts when compared to cohorts with predominantly acute enteropathies or cohorts with no discernable GI disease. 15 Seropositivity to OmpC is highly prevalent in IBD dog cohorts.…”

Inside out: heart rate monitoring to advance the welfare and conservation of maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus)

“…For instance, a major factor in mortality in captive maned wolves is gastrointestinal diseases ( Diniz et al , 1999 ; Maia and Gouveia, 2002 ; Childs-Sanford and Angel, 2006 ), including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; Padilla and Hilton, 2015 ). IBD is believed to result from complex interactions involving the immune system, the gut microbiome and genetic factors ( Henson et al , 2017 ; Bonaz et al , 2018 ; Estruch et al , 2020 ), with stress playing an important role in its pathophysiology through inhibition of the vagus nerve ( Bonaz et al , 2018 ; Payne et al , 2019 ). Reduced vagal tone, as assessed by HRV, is associated with gut microbiota dysbiosis (imbalances in the composition and function of microbiome) and peripheric inflammation in humans and rodents ( Bonaz et al , 2018 ; Payne et al , 2019 ).…”