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Empirical studies have been unable to provide a consistent answer regarding the long-run relationship between government education expenditures and percapita output growth. In this paper, we develop a simple endogenous growth model whereby growth is a function of both government education expenditures and taxation. Using pooled data from 1960 to 2000 for 83 countries, we test our growth equation and find that imposing the government budget constraint is imperative when estimating the relationship between expenditures and growth. Furthermore, we find a robust positive relationship between education expenditures and growth for rich countries when the method of finance is considered but no significant relationship for poor and middle-income countries.

International migration, Happiness, Human development, Income,

Very little is understood about how immigrants affect the happiness, or subjective well-being of natives. We use the European Social Survey to analyze the effects of aggregate immigration flows on the subjective well-being of native-born populations in a panel of 26 countries between 2002 and 2010. We find that recent immigrant flows have a nonlinear, yet overall positive impact on the well-being of natives, with the largest effects coming from immigrant flows arriving in the previous year. Our results are small in magnitude and in practical application; only large immigrant flows would affect native well-being significantly. JEL codes: F22, I31, O15

No abstract