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A recent molecular taxonomic study along the Chilean coast (18° S–53° S) described 18 candidate species of bladed Bangiales of which only two were formally described. Few studies focused on local genetic and morphological diversity of bladed Bangiales and attempted to determine their intertidal distribution in contrasting habitats, and none were performed in Chile. To delimit intertidal distributions of genetic species, 66 samples of bladed Bangiales were collected at Maitencillo (32° S) in four zones: a rocky platform, a rocky wall, and two boulders zones surrounded by sandy and rocky bottoms, respectively. These samples were identified based on sequences of the mitochondrial COI and chloroplast rbcL markers. We also collected 87 specimens for morphological characterization of the most common species, rapidly assessing their putative species identity using newly developed species‐diagnostic (PCR‐RFLP) markers. Eight microscopic and two macroscopic morphological traits were measured. We described and named three of four species that predominate in Maitencillo (including Pyropia orbicularis): Pyropia variabilis Zapata, Meynard, Ramírez, Contreras‐Porcia, sp. nov., Porphyra luchea Meynard, Ramírez, Contreras‐Porcia sp. nov., and Porphyra longissima Meynard, Ramírez, Contreras‐Porcia, sp. nov. With the exception of Po. longissima restricted to boulders surrounded by sandy bottom, and a morphotype of Py. variabilis restricted to rocky walls, the other species/morphotypes have overlapping intertidal distributions. Except for Po. longissima, which is clearly differentiated morphologically (longest and thinnest blades), we conclude that morphology is not sufficient to differentiate bladed Bangiales. Our findings underscore the importance of refining our knowledge of intrinsic and environmental determinants on the distribution of bladed Bangiales.

Biosynthesis of volatile compounds (VC), as well as activity of related enzymes (lipoxygenase LOX, alcohol acyltransferase AAT, and alcohol dehydrogenase ADH), and fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids) were assessed in Golden Delicious fruit apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) during 1 ºC storage at different atmosphere conditions. Three atmosphere conditions were used: 21 % O2 and > 1 % CO2 (Regular Atmosphere, RA), 3 % CO2 and 2 % O2 (Controlled Atmosphere, CA), and CA, with 7 d under RA conditions (CA + RA), to evaluate the effect of shorts periods under air storage. CA conditions inhibited the production of butyl acetate and hexyl acetate esters, and increased hexanol concentration. Production of the branched ester 2-methyl butyl acetate did not decrease under CA conditions. As a result of 7 d under RA, butyl acetate and hexyl acetate in CA + RA increased, mainly after one month of storage. Storage under CA conditions inhibited LOX and AAT activity at some stages whereas ADH activity increased during CA storage. LOX activity showed high correlation with production of aldehydes (r2 = 0.85) and cis-2-hexenal (r2 = 0.94), during storage of apples under CA conditions. Good correlation was found between AAT activity and total esters and butyl acetate content under CA storage of apples (r2 = 0.92 and r2 = 0.93, respectively). While most fatty acids increased in concentration during RA and CA storage, linolenic acid content decreased. No correlation between volatile compounds content and fatty acid production was found.

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Variación espacio-temporal en la composición del ensamble de macroalgas del intermareal rocoso de Maitencillo, Valparaíso, costa central de Chile Spatio-temporal variation in the composition of the macroalgae assemblage of the intertidal rocky zone from Maitencillo, Valparaíso, central coast of Chile