This study highlights a persistent transmission network of EV-A71, with specific Asian countries seeding other countries in the region and beyond, emphasizing the need for improved EV-A71 surveillance and detailed genetic and antigenic characterization.
Objective
To evaluate the preemptive analgesic effect of combination pregabalin with celecoxib for lumbar spine surgery.
Methods
A prospective, randomized study was conducted among 60 lumbar spine surgery patients and divided into two groups. Postoperative pain relief was achieved with intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with morphine. The preemptive analgesia group received oral pregabalin (150 mg) and celecoxib (200 mg) 2 hrs before surgery, and the control group received a placebo. Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Side effects and morphine consumption were monitored until 48 hrs after surgery.
Results
VAS score at rest and during movement was statistically significantly lower in the preemptive analgesia group at most time points (
p
<0.05). Morphine consumption was significantly lower in the preemptive analgesia group compared with control group in the 24 first hours (29.03±4.38 mg vs 24.43±4.94) and 48 hrs (52.23±9.57 mg vs 44.20±10.21 mg),
p
<0.05. Hemodynamics, respiratory rate, and SpO
2
were similar for both groups. The sedation score was only statistically significant at H8 time point. The incidence of nausea/vomiting in the preemptive group did not statistically differ from the control group.
Conclusion
Preoperative administration of pregabalin combined with celecoxib had a good preemptive analgesia effect and reduced intravenous morphine consumption after lumbar spine surgery. Side effects were mild and transient.
The aim of this experiment was to determine the effects of dietary inclusion with mannan oligosaccharide (Bio-Mos, Alltech, Nicholasville, KY, USA) on growth, survival, physiological and immunological conditions and gut morphology of the black tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon). Five diets supplemented with MOS at 0 g kg À1 (control diet), 1, 2, 4 and 8 g kg À1 were fed to the prawn juveniles (0.4 AE 0.06 g, total weight) for the duration of 63 days. Growth was the highest (P < 0.05) when the prawns were fed the 1 g kg À1 MOS included diet. Wet tail muscle index (Tw/B), dry tail muscle index (Td/B) and tail muscle protein (Tmp) were higher (P < 0.05) in the prawns fed MOS included diets MOS compared with the prawns fed the control diet. Total haemocyte counts (THCs) of the prawns fed MOS included diets were higher (P < 0.05) than THCs of the prawns fed the control diet. Epithelium layer and epidermal cell density of the gut of the prawns fed 1 g kg À1 and 2 g kg À1 MOS diets were better than the prawns fed the control and other MOS diets. The results imply a positive effect of dietary supplementation of 1-2 g kg À1 MOS in the culture of black tiger prawns.
The disease caused by the SARS-Cov 2 virus has spread to most areas of the world with high rates of infection and deaths. Facing the complicated developments of the epidemic, clinical medical staff (CMS) are at risk of suffering psychological pressure. This study aimed to investigate the situation of anxiety, depression, and related factors affecting CMS during the COVID-19 pandemic at Dong Da General Hospital and Dong Anh General Hospital in Hanoi. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2020 using self—administered questionnaires amongst 341 CMS. The participants’ anxiety levels were assessed using the standardized General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) toolkit and levels of depression expression were assessed based on the standardized Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) toolkit. Of the CMS who completed the questionnaire, 33.1% had an anxiety disorder and 23.2% exhibited mild to very severe depression. The factors associated with anxiety and depression were department of work, shortage of human resources, and discrimination from the community that directly affects the family of the CMS. The study results highlight the need for a training session to equip CMS with the skills required to cope with psychological stress in all circumstances in general and during the pandemic in particular. This training is especially important for those working in at-risk departments which are susceptible to infection.
BackgroundParavertebral block has been proven to be an efficient method to provide post-thoracotomy pain management. This study aimed to compare patient-controlled paravertebral analgesia (PCPA) and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IVPCA) in terms of analgesic efficiency, respiratory function, and adverse effects after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy.Patients and methodsThe prospective randomized trial study was carried out on 60 patients who underwent VATS lobectomy (randomly allocated 30 patients in each group). In the PCPA group, an initial dose of 0.3 mL/kg of 0.125% bupivacaine with fentanyl 2 µg/mL was administered, followed by a 3 mL/h continuous infusion with patient-controlled analgesia (2 mL bolus, 10-minute lockout interval, 25 mL/4 h limit). In the IVPCA group with morphine 1 mg/mL solution, an infusion device was programmed to deliver a 1.0 mL demand bolus with no basal infusion rate, with a 10-minute lockout interval and a maximum of 20 mL/4 h period. Postoperative pain was assessed by visual analog scale at rest and on coughing. Arterial blood gas and spirometry were monitored and recorded for the first 3 postoperative days. Side effects to include were also recorded.ResultsThe PCPA group had statistically significant lower pain scores (P<0.0001) at rest at all times. Lower pain scores on coughing were statistically significant in PCPA group in the first 4 hours. Postoperative spirometry showed that both the groups had comparable recovery trajectories for their pulmonary function. Arterial blood gas analysis showed pH and PaCO2 were in a normal range in both the groups. The incidence of headache was higher in the IVPCA group (13.3% vs 0%; P=0.038).ConclusionPCPA effectively managed pain after VATS lobectomy, with lower pain scores, similar respiratory function, and fewer side effects than standard IVPCA treatment.
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Article introduces the Fast-Fourier transformation method (FFT) and an approximation method to calculate the conductivity of compound-inclusion composites in two-dimensional space. The approximation compares favorably with the numerical results for a number of periodic and random models over a range of volume proportions of phases, but divers at large volume proportions of the included phases when the interactions between the inclusions are more pronounced.
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