The plasma jet has been proposed as a novel therapeutic method for cancer. Anticancer activity of plasma has been reported to involve mitochondrial dysfunction. However, what constituents generated by plasma is linked to this anticancer process and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Here, we report that the therapeutic effects of air plasma result from generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) including H2O2, Ox, OH−, •O2, NOx, leading to depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial ROS accumulation. Simultaneously, ROS/RNS activate c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 kinase. As a consequence, treatment with air plasma jets induces apoptotic death in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Pretreatment of the cells with antioxidants, JNK and p38 inhibitors, or JNK and p38 siRNA abrogates the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and impairs the air plasma-induced apoptotic cell death, suggesting that the ROS/RNS generated by plasma trigger signaling pathways involving JNK and p38 and promote mitochondrial perturbation, leading to apoptosis. Therefore, administration of air plasma may be a feasible strategy to eliminate cancer cells.

53BP1 (p53-binding protein 1) is a conserved nuclear protein that is phosphorylated in response to DNA damage and rapidly recruited to the site of DNA double strand breaks, demonstrating its role in the early events to DNA damage and repair of damaged DNA. In this study, we used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with 53BP1. Identification and characterization of 53BP1 protein interactions may help to further elucidate the function and regulation of 53BP1. We identified protein phosphatase 5 (PP5), a serine/threonine phosphatase that has been implicated in multiple cellular function, as a 53BP1-binding protein. This interaction further confirmed that 53BP1 interacts with PP5 in PP5-overexpressing U2OS cells, after radiomimetic agent neocarzinostatin (NCS) treatment. 53BP1 dephosphorylation at Ser-25 and Ser-1778 was accelerated in PP5-overexpressing U2OS cells following NCS treatment, and its dephosphorylation was correlated with reduced phospho-53BP1 foci formation. In contrast, the overexpression of PP5 had no effect on NCS-activated BRCA1-Ser-1524 phosphorylation. Additionally, PP5 down-regulation inhibited the dephosphorylation of 53BP1 on Ser-1778 and the disappearance of phospho-53BP1 foci following NCS treatment. Moreover, non-homologous end-joining activity was reduced in PP5-overexpressing U2OS cells. These findings indicate that PP5 plays an important role in the regulation of 53BP1 phosphorylation and activity in vivo.

An analytical CE method was developed for the enantiomeric purity determination of fluvastatin enantiomers. Fluvastatin enantiomers were separated on an uncoated fused silica with 100 mM-borate solution containing 30 mg/mL of (2-hydroxypropyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) as running buffer and fenoprofen as an internal standard. The linearity was observed within a 400-700 microg/mL concentration range (r(2)>or=0.995) for both fluvastatin enantiomers. The repeatability expressed as coefficient of variation (CV) of the method were 0.96 and 0.92% for (+)-3R, 5S and (-)-3S, 5R-fluvastatin, respectively. The limit of detection and quantification for both fluvastatin enantiomers were 1.5 microg/mL and 2.5 microg/mL, respectively.

First CO2-EOR application to the offshore oil field in Vietnam has been investigated through an international joint study scheme between Japan and Vietnam since 2007 and a preliminary study outcome indicated feasibility to some extent. To reduce and mitigate uncertainties/risks in the field scale EOR implementation, a CO2-EOR pilot test was executed in Vietnam offshore oil field in 2011. The test was conducted as a single-well Huff ‘n’ Puff. CO2 was injected into the well and the well was flowed after soaking. In order to confirm the CO2-EOR effect the following items were monitored during the test: 1)CO2 Injection Performance2)Real Time Bottom-hole Pressure/Temperature3)Oil/Gas/Water/CO2 Production Performance4)Fluids' Saturation Change before and after CO2 Injection5)Produced Fluid Property & Composition on-site Over 100 tons of CO2 were successfully injected into the well. Bottom-hole pressure was kept higher than MMP (Minimum Miscibility Pressure) during the injection period, thus miscible condition was considered to be achieved in the reservoir at least near the wellbore. The vertical contrast of CO2 injectivity and oil saturation change in the reservoir were confirmed by saturation logs and production logs. Clear increment of oil rate, reduction of water cut and oil composition change were observed after CO2 injection. Simulation study for matching pilot test performance was carried out and its result was in good agreement with the monitored data.

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A natural-based sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrogel reinforced with bentonite was prepared by using gamma irradiation technology. This is a novel hydrogel that uses natural polymer to absorb metal ions in wastewater. The influence of dose, concentration of CMC and bentonite on the sorption of hydrogels was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) method. According to the Langmuir isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacities of CMC/bentonite hydrogel for Cu2+ and Pb2+ were 181.82 mg/g and 204.08 mg/g at room temperature, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model which describes the adsorption process of Cu2+ and Pb2+ was also studied