Factors Influenced Farmer Perception on Sustainable Food Crop Land Protection Policy in Bali Province. Irrigated land conversion in Bali Province continues to increase along with the development of regional economy. The issuance of Law No.4/2009 on Sustainable Food Crop Agricultural Land Protection (SFCALP), are expected to restrain the rate of rice irrigated land conversion. The study aims to determine the factors that affect the perception of farmers on policy implementation of SFCALP. The data collection was conducted in July-September 2015 by interviews using questionnaires distributed to 90 farmers each of 30 farmers in Tabanan, Buleleng and Badung regency. To analyze the factors that influence the perception of farmers to policy implementation of SFCALP estimated by multiple linear regression with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method. The analysis showed that the farmer's perception to the policy implementation of SFCALP is influenced by: farming culture, attitude toward change, confidence self-efficacy, the level of courage risk, level of intelligence, rationality, cooperation, the role of the farmer groups as well as the intensity of counseling or related SFCALP. To improve the effectiveness of policy implementation of SFCALP it is necessary to consider differences in the level of perception of the policy with optimizes the role members of the farmer groups and farmer innovator accompanied by intensive socialization, participation and government commitment in implementation.
<p>Characterization and Selection of Azotobacter sp. in Enhancing Seed Germination and Growth of Plant. Nitrogen (N) is a macro nutrient needed by the plant. Chemical synthesis of N fertilizer need high energy input. On the other hand, Azotobacter sp. has been known as a free living nitrogen fixing bacteria. This bacteria is also known as growth factor producing bacteria such as indole acetic acid (IAA) and extracellular polysaccharide. The ability of Azotobacter sp. in fixing N and producing IAA was affected by strain type of the bacteria as well as the origin of the isolate. It had been characterized 44 isolates of Azotobacter sp. isolated from selected dry habitat such as oil palm in Sekayu (South Sumatera), coffee and cashew nut tree in NTT, corn crops in Banjar (South of Kalimantan), and rubber tree in Bogor (West Java). Isolation was conducted using Ashby media. Based on their ability in producing IAA, promoting germination of the seed and growth of leguminous cover crops Pueraria phaseoloides. The result showed that isolate of 116(2), from Sikka, Flores, (NTT), produced highest IAA i.e 2.815 &#956;M within the third day and 4.02 uM in the sixth day incubation time. Strain D1/8B (isolated from oil palm plantation in South Sumatera) and S5 (isolated from corn in South Kalimantan) could increase 2-3 times number of germinating seed of P. phaseoloides for the third days. Azotobacter sp. isolate of D1/2, 107, and 113 in combination with 50% recomended doses of chemical fertilizer could enhance the growth of plant (fresh and dry biomassa total) of sorghum higher compared to 100% chemical fertilizer doses (control). Isolate of D1/2 originated from South of Sumatera improved germination of seed, and enhanced the growth of sorghum, while isolate of 113 from Sikka, Flores, NTT had the ability to increase the growth of sorghum during one month in glass house experiment.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Nitrogen (N) merupakan unsur makro yang diperlukan oleh tanaman. Bakteri Azotobacter sp. diketahui dapat memfiksasi N secara nonsimbiotik dan menghasilkan hormon tumbuh seperti IAA dan polisakarida ekstraseluler. Kemampuan penambatan N dan produksi IAA dipengaruhi oleh galur bakteri dan asal isolat. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengkarakterisasi 44 isolat Azotobacter sp. yang diisolasi dari beberapa habitat lahan kering, yaitu perkebunan kelapa sawit di Sekayu (Sumsel), perkebunan kopi dan jambu mete di Nusa Tenggara Timur, areal tanaman jagung di Banjar (Kalsel), dan kebun karet di Bogor (Jabar). Isolasi bakteri Azotobacter sp. dilakukan menggunakan medium Ashby. Isolat yang diperoleh diuji kemampuannya menghasilkan IAA dan pengaruhnya terhadap perkecambahan benih serta pertumbuhan kacang penutup tanah (Pueraria phaseoloides). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa isolat 116 (2) menghasilkan IAA tertinggi, yaitu 2,815 &#956;M pada hari ke-3 dan 4,02 &#956;M pada hari ke-6. Isolat tersebut berasal dari Sikka, Flores, NTT. Isolat D1/8B (asal perkebunan kelapa sawit di Sumsel) dan S5 (asal areal tanaman jagung di Kalimantan) dapat meningkatkan 2-3 kali jumlah benih P. phaseoloides yang berkecambah pada hari ke-3. Isolat D1/2, 107, dan 113 dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum (total biomasa basah dan kering) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pupuk NPK 100%. Isolat D1/2 asal Sumsel meningkatkan perkecambahan benih dan pertumbuhan sorgum relatif tinggi, sedang isolat 113 asal Sikka, Flores, NTT, mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum.</p><p> </p>
ABSTRAK. Usahatani sayuran di Bali kurang diminati petani karena mahalnya harga input produksi sebagai modal usahatani. Padahal, Bali merupakan salah satu kota industri pariwisata dengan kebutuhan sayuran yang diperkirakan akan terus meningkat. Sejalan dengan hal itu, pemerintah memberikan subsidi input produksi terutama input pupuk untuk dapat meningkatkan daya saing pertanian di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) mengetahui daya saing usahatani sayuran di Bali dan (2) mengetahui dampak kebijakan subsidi pupuk pemerintah terhadap pengembangan usahatani sayuran di Bali. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Tabanan Provinsi Bali dengan pertimbangan bahwa kabupaten tersebut merupakan sentra produksi sayuran di Bali. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan focus group discussion (FGD) yang dihadiri oleh 50 orang petani sayuran sebagai sampel penelitian. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer berupa data input output dalam berusahatani sayuran yang diterapkan petani selama tahun 2014. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam mengolah data adalah policy analysis matrix (PAM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usahatani sayuran di Bali masih memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif terutama pada usahatani komoditas cabai merah, cabai rawit, dan tomat. Kebijakan subsidi pupuk dari pemerintah berdampak pada pengembangan usahatani sayuran di Bali terutama pada usahatani cabai merah, sawi putih, dan kubis/kol. Untuk meningkatkan daya saing usahatani sayuran dan merangsang petani meningkatkan produksi sayuran di Bali diharapkan pemerintah daerah mampu memberikan sosialisasi ataupun masukan terhadap petani mengenai penggunaan pestisida kimia yang selama ini masih dibeli dengan harga impor oleh petani dalam berusahatani sayuran yang dapat digantikan dengan pestisida organik dan menetapkan kebijakan harga output pada komoditas sayuran.Kata kunci: Usahatani sayuran; Daya saing; Policy analysis matrix; Bali ABSTRACT. Vegetable farming in Bali is less desirable by the farmers because the input price is expensive. Whereas Bali is one of the city's tourism industry which the need of vegetables were expected to continue rising. In line with this the government provides subsidies for production input, especially fertilizer input to improve agricultural competitiveness in Indonesia. This research aims to: (1) determine the competitiveness of vegetable farming in Bali and (2) determine the impact of the fertilizer subsidy policy of the government towards the development of vegetable farming in Bali. This research was conducted in Tabanan Bali Province on the consideration that the district is the center of vegetable production in Bali. This research was conducted by focus group discussion (FGD approach), which was attended by 50 vegetables farmers. The data obtained in this study are primary data in the form of input output data in vegetable farming during 2014. The analytical method used is the policy analysis matrix (PAM). The results showed that vegetable farming in Bali still has comparati...
Planting of leguminous cover crops is a standard practise in preparing land for oil palm and rubber plantations. The synergism capability of Bradyrhizobium, Aeromonas punctata (phosphate solubilizing bacteria) and Acaulospora tuberculata (AM fungi) to increase growth of leguminous cover crops (Calopogonium caeruleum and Centrosema pubescens) was studied in a glass house experiment using polybag (10 x 10 cm) containing acid soil with low level nutrition of Ciomas, Bogor. Research results showed that Bradyrhizobium, A. punctata and A. tuberculata inoculation on C. caeruleum signifycantly enhanced plant height, and number of leaves. However, the treatment did not increase biomass and N, P, and K uptake of plant. Number of nodule were increase when the plant was inoculated with A. tuberculata alone or in combination with Bradyrhizobium and A. punctata. Centrosema pubescens gave good response when inoculated with A. tuberculata. However, dual inoculation of the two bacteria Bradyrhizobium and A. punctata with A. tuberculata signifycantly enhance plant height, plant biomass, N, P, and K plant uptake.
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