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SummaryNew Pd–NHC complexes have been synthesized and employed for palladium-catalyzed direct arylation of pyrrole derivatives by using electron-deficient aryl chlorides as coupling partners. The desired coupling products were obtained in moderate to good yields by using 1 mol % of these air-stable palladium complexes. This is an advantage compared to the procedures employing air-sensitive phosphines, which have been previously shown to promote the coupling of aryl chlorides with heteroarenes.

The in situ prepared three-component system Pd(OAc) 2 -1,3-dialkylbenzimidazolium chlorides (2a-f) and Cs 2 CO 3 catalyses, quantitatively, the Suzuki cross-coupling of deactivated aryl chlorides and Heck coupling reactions of aryl bromide and iodide substrates. The 1,3-dialkylbenzimidazolium salts (2a-f) were characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis.

A series of new benzimidazolium salts and ruthenium­(II) complexes containing chelating N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) functionalized with a benzylic group and an acetal group were prepared. All of the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy, and the molecular structures of 2c and 2d were determined by X-ray crystallography. All of the complexes were tested in the alkylation of cyclic amine derivatives with alcohols and showed excellent activity in this reaction. Cyclic amines were alkylated with primary and heteroaromatic alcohols. The Ru–NHC complexes also catalyzed N,C3-dialkylation of cyclic amines.

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A series of imidazolidinium ligand precursors are metallated with Ag2O to give silver(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. All compounds were fully characterized by elemental analyses, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and IR spectroscopy techniques. All compounds studied in this work were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against the standard strains: Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and the fungi Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. The new imidazolidin-2-ylidene silver complexes have been found to display effective antimicrobial activity against a series of bacteria and fungi.