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This study aimed to investigate the effect of air pollution on diurnal variation of performance in anaerobic tests, cardiovascular and hematological parameters, and blood gases on soccer players following the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level-1 (YYIRT1). In a randomized order, 11 healthy soccer players (mean age: 21.8 [range: 20-24] years; height: 178.00 [range: 1.64-1.83] cm; body mass index [BMI]: 23.57 [range: 20.45-28.03] kg.m) performed a YYIRT1 at two different times of day (TOD) (08:00 h and 18:00 h) in two areas (i.e. polluted (PA) and non-polluted (NPA)) with a recovery period of ≥ 72 h in between, to determine the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). In each test session: resting oral temperature is measured, anaerobic performances (pre- and post-YYIRT1) were performed, cardiovascular parameters and blood samples were collected at: rest, 3 min and 60 min after the YYIRT1, to assess blood gases and hematological parameters. Our results showed that, agility performance, VO2max, red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), pH, and bicarbonate levels (HCO3) decrease significantly (p < 0.001) following the YYIRT1 in PA compared to NPA. Likewise, the heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), platelets (PLT), white blood cells (WBC), neutrophiles (NEUT), lymphocytes (LYM), and partial pressure of CO2 levels (PCO2) were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in PA. This effect was slightly accentuated at 18:00 h for some parameters (i.e. Agility, HCO3, HR, PCO2, RBC, SBP). However, performances of sprint and Sargent jump test (SJT), oral temperature, rate of perceived exertion scales (RPE), partial pressure of O2 (PO2), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and monocytes (MON) were not affected by pollution (p > 0.05). In conclusion, pollution seems to be critical for health stability and performance in response to YYIRT1 especially in the evening and the winter season. Therefore, coaches and athletes should draw attention to the potential importance of land use planning in their training sessions and competitions in the morning in polluted area to minimize the risk of pollution exposure.

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BackgroundPhysical therapists provide a variety of interventions, such as manual therapy techniques, balance, coordination, and functional retraining techniques, knee taping techniques, electrical stimulation, and foot orthotics to assist in overcoming some of the barriers that make participation in exercise and physical activity difficult.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the role of physical therapy in management of knee osteoarthritis on both levels pain and function.MethodsRetrospective longitudinal study done on the department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine of the Principal Military Hospital of Tunis between January 2011 and December 2012, about 60 patients with knee OA. These patients were divided into two groups of 30 cases: patients aged 65 years and over (SA) and young adults 30 to 55 years (SJ). The evaluation protocol included clinical algofunctional before and after medical and rehabilitative treatment performed on an outpatient program with three sessions per week for two months.ResultsThere were 35 women and 25 men with a mean age of 58±6.27 years. The average duration of knee OA was 63.74±38.62 months. The main characteristics of elderly subjects compared to young subjects, before rehabilitation, were the bilateral involvement of the knees (p=0.02), severity of pain (p=0.02), disability (p=0.006), stiffness (p=0.02), muscle weakness of the quadriceps (p=0.006), hamstrings (p=0.03), the retraction of the latter (p=0.04) and reducing the walking distance (p=0.04). 38 patients (19 and 19 SA SJ) adhered to the rehabilitation program. After rehabilitation, the main features were the reduction of pain by 60%, improving activities of daily life of 50%. The rehabilitative treatment was more effective in the elderly in terms of pain (p=0.03) and activities of daily living improvement (p=0.01).Table 1VAS painWOMAC indexLEQUESNE indexInitialFinalInitialFinalInitialFinalPopulation63.11±14.2225.13±22.2252.07±18.4423.59±18.565.04±1.812.75±2.07Elderly68.12±13.2526.84±20.2956,47±20.2 125,33±16.745,44±1.912,86±2.16Young adults58.10±15.2023.42±24.1547,68±16.6821,85±20.394,65±1.712,64±1.98Patients in both groups improved their scores with no significant differences related to age. Considering respectively the VAS pain (p=0.48), WOMAC index (p=0.39) and LEQUESNE Index (p=0.75).At the end of the rehabilitation program, a reduction in pain intensity was observed in all AS (19 cases), 13 of them have lowered their VAS pain threshold of less than 50 mm.In young subjects, the pain remained stationary in 2 cases and was exacerbated in one case.ConclusionsPhysical therapy appears to be an important tool for KOA management. Future studies are needed to improve our understanding of factors that can influence the responsiveness of patients with knee osteoarthritis to exercise and physical activity programs.Disclosure of InterestNone declared

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate EULAR 2003 recommandation application on a sample of 60 (KOA) patients.MethodsRetrospective longitudinal study done on the department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine of the Principal Military Hospital of Tunis between January 2011 and December 2012, about 60 patients with knee OA. These patients were divided into two groups of 30 cases: patients aged 65 years and over (SA) and young adults 30 to 55 years (SJ).ResultsAll patients received therapeutic management combiningpharmacologic and nonpharmacologic.This treatment was individualized, taking into account: clean Knee risk factors (obesity, mechanical, physical activity), general risk factors (age, comorbidity, polypharmacy), the intensity of pain and disability that it entails, to the presence of inflammatory signs (particularly effusions)? of the location and the degree of structural reached.The above-mentioned elements have been identified in interrogation and the initial review of our patients, further management was judged on these factors.However, the treatment received and appreciation of weight reduction have not mentioned in their records. All patients received an educational program focusing on the economy joint, the need for weight loss and self-rehabilitation. this program was initiated concomitantly with functional rehabilitation sessions.The use of assistive devices were limited to 13.3% of our patients, all of elderly. Weight loss could not be assessed (default data). Paracetamol is the most prescribed treatment in our series: 53.3% of our patients received paracetamol alone or in combination. The Topical NSAIDs are prescribed in 63.3% of patients in which 60.5% are of older group In 5 cases of patients with peptic ulcer documented, there has been use ofAnti of H2 as gastric coverage during short periods of NSAID prescription.Analgesics II were used in 5 cases. The AASALs were used in 10 cases, especially in young patients. Infiltration of chondroprotectors using hyaluronic acid were found in 4 cases. Intra articular corticosteroid injections were performed in 8 patients. These findings were not influenced by age.ConclusionsApplication of recommadations depends greatly on socio-economic conditions of countries and their social security systems. In our study, several recommendations were insufficiently met. A study on a larger population should investigate the factors influencing the implementation of these recommendations and the opinion of various stakeholders (physicians, patients and physiotherapists)Disclosure of InterestNone declared

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