BackgroundIn severe chronic stages of emphysema the only treatment is lung transplantation. SO, an urgent need exists for the development of effective treatments. Stem cells therapy arises as a new therapeutic approach.Aim of the WorkTo investigate whether bone marrow mononuclar cells (BMMNCs) can promote lung regeneration and decrease apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced pulmonary emphysema in C57Bl/6 mice.Material and Methods14 weeks old female mice (C57Bl/6), weighing around 25 g were used in this study. The mice were divided into 4 groups (10 in each group): group A: mice received no treatment, group B: mice received intranasal instillation of LPS with no further treatment, group C: mice received intranasal instillation of LPS then given a dose of BMMNCs and evaluated 21 days later and group D: the mice that received intranasal instillation of LPS then given a dose of Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) and evaluated 21 days later. Imaging analysis was done using imagej program. To measure apoptotic index, Anti–caspase 3 polyclonal antibody staining was done.ResultsAnalysis of the mean of airspace equivalent diameters (D0) and its statistical distribution (D1) for the different groups allowed to observe that group treated with BMMNCs (group C) showed the significant improvement in D0 and D1 than the group received LPS only (group B). Analysis of apoptotic index showed significant difference between BMMNCs treated group (group C) and that received LPS only (group B).ConclusionsBMMNCs effectively promote lung regeneration and reduction of apoptosis in pulmonary emphysema.
Traction is one of the most common methods of immobilization. It is commonly used for treating patients with hip or femur fractures in orthopedic departments worldwide.Each year, more than 340,000 cases of hip fractures occur in America and 1.6 million cases worldwide, out of which 13% to 37% lose their lives. Traction is a very stressful situation for patient to endure and it requires a competent nurse to meet the patient's needs and to prevent complications. Due to the complicated and vital role executed by orthopedic nurses in the care of patient with traction and the need to prevent complications due to enforced immobility, this study aims to assess the nurse's knowledge in orthopedic units at Mansoura university. Methods: A descriptive correlational research design was conducted in orthopedic units at Mansoura university hospitals. The data were collected using a questionnaire interview sheet consists of (Sociodemographic characteristics &Traction Nurses' Knowledge questionnaire). The questionnaire was designed after an extensive literature review. The subjects of the present study consist of all available nurses working in the orthopedic units and accepted to participate in the study at previously mentioned above setting. Available nurses working in orthopedic units were entered in the study (40) nurses. Results: the results revealed that Less than three quarters of studied nurses had fair knowledge level about care of patient with traction. There was a significant relation between knowledge and level of education. There was no significant relation between nurses' knowledge and age, years of experience. Conclusion: There is an increasing need to introduce effective educational intervention for orthopedic nurses to enhance their knowledge about care of patient with traction. Recommendation: Encouraging continuous supervision, guidance and evaluation of nurses' performance in caring of patients with traction in the hospital to achieve and maintain the best nursing care for patients.
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