The effect of adding 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0 wt.% halloysite clay, which calcined at 600, 800, 1000 and 1200°C, to the standard wall tile slurry was studied. Wet milled halloysite was sieved with different sizes to examine the halloysite grain size effect. The granulated samples were pressed by applying a pressure of 30 MPa using a hydraulic press and made ready for sintering at 1150°C for 30 minutes. Detailed technological, mechanical and microstructural characterization studies were done on sintered samples. Compared to standard wall tile, almost all the halloysite added samples displayed similar technological properties but higher green and fired strength values. The produced sample with adding 0.6% halloysite (at 600°C calcined) by weight showed a higher firing strength with 28.75 MPa value than the minimum requirement (17.75 MPa). Observation of needlelike microstructure in the porcelain body led to establishing a simple relationship between the interlocking effects of thin needlelike mullite grains and increasing strength values. This study has shown that the addition of calcined halloysite may be an alternative to produce a thinner section wall tile product.
Considering the application areas of ceramic materials (ceramic sinks, toilet bowls, washing areas, ceramic tiles tableware), the demand for improving dirt and water repellent properties is increasing day by day with the perception of hygiene and cleanliness that affects the whole world. In this study, super-hydrophobic solutions were prepared and applied to ceramic substrates by adding alumina particles with different particle size distributions into the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix. Alumina powders added to the PVDF matrix at four different rates to obtain composite materails. Alumina powders with two different particle sizes, coarse and fine, was used and the effect of grain size on the properties was investigated. The adhesion performance of the coatings was determined by brush tests. In addition, surface roughness values, colour variation after coating, and anti-icing performance were also evaluated. It was observed that the coating with the (PVDF:Al2O3) ratio (1:0.25) had the highest contact angle and adhesion property.
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