Objectives: This study aims to compare the effect of aquatic-based exercises (AQBEs) and land-based exercises (LBEs) on muscle strength, fatigue and quality of life (QoL), and skin disease activity in children with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Patients and methods: The design of the study was an assessor-blinded, controlled 2x2 crossover trial. Fourteen children (4 boys, 10 girls; mean age 11.7±2.2 years; range, 10 to 16 years) were evaluated. AQBEs and LBEs were applied through two treatment sequences as half of the children received AQBEs first while the second half received LBEs first. Isometric muscle strength, fatigue level and QoL (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale [PedsQL-MFS]), and skin disease activity score (DASskin) were measured at four occasions for each treatment sequence. Results: The AQBEs had significant superiority over LBEs with improved hip flexors' strength (p=0.007) and hip abductors' strength (p=0.001), while both types of treatment had the same effect in increasing strength of shoulder flexors and abductors (p<0.05). AQBEs improved PedsQL-MFS, and DASskin significantly more than LBEs (p<0.001). For all outcome measures, there was no significant difference in the treatment sequence the children received first. Conclusion: Supervised AQBEs are more effective in improving muscle strength, fatigue and QoL, and skin disease activity than LBEs in children with JDM. Furthermore, the treatment sequence had no significant effect on measured variables.
Background: Bariatric surgery is becoming a common procedure to control the obesity problem. However, despite the prevalence of the surgery, little is known regarding the motivation of patients who seek out these procedures. The present study aims to identify reported reasons for bariatric surgery and determine if there is a difference between male and female response regarding the motives for seeking bariatric surgery. Methods: This crosssectional study included 182 consecutive obese patients came for bariatric surgery at Minia University hospital from June to November, 2019. Patients asked to fill self-administered questionnaire preoperatively. Results: The mean age was 32.6±6 and 52% of the studied participants were males and 48% were females. The most patients seeking surgery are motivated primarily by medical condition (30.2%) and health concerns (20.3%). Females were concerned more by their appearance as a motive for seeking bariatric surgery, 34.5% compared to 0.0% of males. Females were embarrassed socially about themselves, 24.1% compared to 2.1% of males. However, males more likely to choose medical condition (41% vs 18.4 %, P=0.02) as their most important factor for seeking surgery. Conclusions: The appearance is the most important motive for the females and the physical health is the most important motive for the males.
There is no satisfactory therapy for diabetes. Therefore, there is a need to develop recent cotreatment strategies of plant origin which might have no side effects and are cost-effective. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) has anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects as documented previously. This study aims to investigate the histopathological alterations which occur in the pancreas and liver associated with experimentally diabetic-induced animals, in addition to evaluating the effect of Ginger in modulating the histopathology and the level of blood sugar and insulin in diabetic-induced animals. Fifty-one mature male and female Wister albino rats weighing between 200 and 280 grams were used in this study. Animals were split into three groups, each of 17 rats. The negative control group is referred to as Group I, Group II: Diabetes positive control group injected with (45mg/kg body weight) Streptozotocin intraperitoneally and Group III: Diabetic rats; received Ginger oil (dose of 1.5 mL/kg b.wt) approximately about 460 mg/kg b.wt day after day for 7 weeks. The fasting blood sugar levels were determined during the treatment. Blood was collected after scarification for an additional examination of insulin levels, cumulative blood sugar and liver enzymes. Pancreas and liver tissue specimens were dissected and processed for histological examination. Our results showed that diabetic animals treated with Ginger showed significant (P ≤0.05) improvements in fasting blood sugar, insulin, cumulative blood sugar and liver enzymes when compared with the diabetic untreated group. Histopathological examination of diabetic rats' liver and pancreatic tissues revealed vascular changes including congestion and perivascular edema and atrophy in pancreatic cells of Islets of Langerhans associated with necrobiosis. On the other hand, hepatic tissue from diabetic rats showed also severe vascular changes, vacuolar hepatocellular degeneration and focal nodular leucocytic aggregations. However, treatment with Ginger reversed these changes in both pancreatic and hepatic diabetic tissues, and the majority of the cells returned to a more or less normal state. This improvement in the cells may explain Ginger's anti-diabetic action. Ginger oil exhibited an antidiabetic effect as it improved both pathophysiological and pathomorphological alterations associated with hyperglycemia. As a result, we advised diabetic patients to use Ginger as a daily co-treatment for the control of Diabetes mellitus.
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