ObjectiveWe investigated the influencing factors of the psychological resilience and self-efficacy of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the relationships of psychological resilience and self-efficacy with negative emotion.MethodsEighty-eight participants were enrolled. Psychological resilience, self-efficacy, and negative emotion were assessed with the Psychological Resilience Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), respectively. Furthermore, the relationships of psychological resilience and self-efficacy with negative emotion were investigated.ResultsThe average scores of psychological resilience, self-efficacy, anxiety, and depression were 70.08 ± 13.26, 21.56 ± 9.66, 53.68 ± 13.10, and 56.12 ± 12.37, respectively. The incidences of anxiety and depression were 23.90% (21/88) and 28.40% (25/88), respectively. The psychological resilience and self-efficacy scores of AMI patients after PCI varied significantly with age and economic status. SAS scores and SDS scores were significantly negatively correlated with psychological resilience and self-efficacy.ConclusionNegative emotions in AMI patients after PCI are closely related to psychological resilience and self-efficacy. Therefore, anxiety and depression could be alleviated by improving the psychological resilience and self-efficacy of patients undergoing PCI, thus improving patients’ quality of life.

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High efficiency blue fluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), based on 1,3-bis(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (mCP) doped with 4,4’-bis(9-ethyl-3-carbazovinylene)-1,1’-biphenyl (BCzVBi), were fabricated using four different hole transport layers (HTLs) and two different electron transport layers (ETLs). Fixing the electron transport material TPBi, four hole transport materials, including 1,1-Bis[(di-4-tolylamino)phenyl]cyclohexane (TAPC), N,N’-Di(1-naphthyl)-N,N’-diphenyl-(1,1’-biphenyl)-4’-diamine(NPB), 4,4’-Bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1,-biphenyl (CBP) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), were selected to be HTLs, and the blue OLED with TAPC HTL exhibited a maximum luminance of 2955 cd/m2 and current efficiency (CE) of 5.75 cd/A at 50 mA/cm2, which are 68% and 62% higher, respectively, than those of the minimum values found in the device with MoO3 HTL. Fixing the hole transport material TAPC, the replacement of TPBi ETL with Bphen ETL can further improve the performance of the device, in which the maximum luminance can reach 3640 cd/m2 at 50 mA/cm2, which is 23% higher than that of the TPBi device. Furthermore, the lifetime of the device is also optimized by the change of ETL. These results indicate that the carrier mobility of transport materials and energy level alignment of different functional layers play important roles in the performance of the blue OLEDs. The findings suggest that selecting well-matched electron and hole transport materials is essential and beneficial for the device engineering of high-efficiency blue OLEDs.

The photonic stability of sulfurized GaAs(001) exposed to phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution was investigated by in situ photoluminescence (PL). Results show that samples first coated with hexadecanethiol (HDT) selfassembled monolayers (SAMs), and post-treated with ammonium sulfide, exhibited a dramatic stability increase in PBS solution. The initial PL intensity was observed to be about 3 times higher relative to samples prepared with HDT SAMs alone. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed the presence of increased sulfur content in accordance with the observed enhancement of PL intensity. Infrared spectroscopy measurements indicate that HDT SAMs remain well-ordered following ammonium sulfide treatment. This hybrid passivation method of GaAs is potentially attractive to the development of biosensing architectures based on PL emission from III−V quantum semiconductors.

Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols have been widely investigated to generate both specific functionality and increased chemical/photonic stability of III–V semiconductor surfaces. Because of the availability of the COOH terminal group, the 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid (MHDA) has often been investigated to engineer interfaces involving proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. Typically, MHDA SAMs have been deposited by incubating semiconductor substrates in MHDA/ethanol solutions. We have investigated the role of water on the process of MHDA SAM formation on the GaAs (001) surface, and we report on the formation of increasing quality MHDA SAM in proportion of the concentration of water mixed with ethanol, up to 50%. The transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle measurements suggest that MHDA SAM obtained from the ethanol/water 1:1 solution represent a superior quality carboxylic acid-terminated SAM on GaAs (001) reported to date.

We report on a method of rapid conversion of a hydrophobic to hydrophilic state of an Si (0 0 1) surface irradiated with a relatively low number of pulses of an excimer laser. Hydrophilic Si (0 0 1), characterized by the surface contact angle (CA) of near 15 • , is fabricated following irradiation with either KrF or ArF excimer lasers of hydrophobic samples (CA ∼ 75 •) immersed in a 0.01% H 2 O 2 /H 2 O solution. The chemical and structural analysis carried with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy measurements confirmed the formation of OH-terminated Si (0 0 1) surface with no detectable change in the surface morphology of the laser-irradiated material. To investigate the efficiency of this laser-induced hydrophilization process, we demonstrate a selective area immobilization of biotin-conjugated fluorescein-stained nanospheres outside of the laser-irradiated area. The results demonstrate the potential of the method for the fabrication of biosensing architectures and advancements of the Si-based microfluidic device technology.

High efficiency perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) using PEDOT:PSS/MoO3-ammonia composite hole transport layers (HTLs) with different MoO3-ammonia ratios were prepared and characterized. For PeLEDs with one-step spin-coated CH3NH3PbBr3 emitter, an optimal MoO3-ammonia volume ratio (0.02) in PEDOT:PSS/MoO3-ammonia composite HTL presented a maximum luminance of 1082 cd/m2 and maximum current efficiency of 0.7 cd/A, which are 82% and 94% higher than those of the control device using pure PEDOT:PSS HTL respectively. It can be explained by that the optimized amount of MoO3-ammonia in the composite HTLs cannot only facilitate hole injection into CH3NH3PbBr3 through reducing the contact barrier, but also suppress the exciton quenching at the HTL/CH3NH3PbBr3 interface. Three-step spin coating method was further used to obtain uniform and dense CH3NH3PbBr3 films, which lead to a maximum luminance of 5044 cd/m2 and maximum current efficiency of 3.12 cd/A, showing enhancement of 750% and 767% compared with the control device respectively. The significantly improved efficiency of PeLEDs using three-step spin-coated CH3NH3PbBr3 film and an optimum PEDOT:PSS/MoO3-ammonia composite HTL can be explained by the enhanced carrier recombination through better hole injection and film morphology optimization, as well as the reduced exciton quenching at HTL/CH3NH3PbBr3 interface. These results present a promising strategy for the device engineering of high efficiency PeLEDs.