RESUMO: Objetivo:Apresentar os resultados obtidos com técnica única para tratamento do Pectus Excavatum e Pectus Carinatum. Método: De 1976 a 2000 foram operados, 183 portadores de Deformidades da Parede Torácica Anterior sendo 98 Pectus Carinatum (70 P. Carinatum Simétrico, 18 P. Carinatum Lateral a Direita e 10 P. Carinatum Lateral a esquerda), 62 Pectus Excavatum (57 P. Excavatum Simétrico, 4 P. Excavatum Lateral a Direita e um P. Excavatum Lateral a Esquerda), 17 Pectus Carinatum Superior, um Pectus Combinado, quatro Protusões Costais Inferiores e uma Depressão Costal. A indicação foi exclusivamente estética em 182 (99,4%) dos pacientes. Foi utilizada técnica única para Pectus Carinatum e Pectus Excavatum: incisão transversal inframamária; ressecção subpericondral de todas as cartilagens envolvidas na deformidade; dissecção retroesternal mínima; osteotomia esternal anterior, fixação da osteotomia esternal com fios de aço;utilização da placa retroesternal em casos selecionados de Pectus Excavatum; pregueamento dos feixes pericondriais para dar maior rigidez a parede torácica e auxílio na manutenção do esterno na sua posição; drenagem do tecido celular subcutâneo e do plano submuscular, sutura intradérmica da pele. Resultados: Bom ou excelente em 175 (95,6%) dos pacientes. Complicações ocorreram em 14 (7,6%) pacientes: oito casos (4,5%) de seroma; um (0,5%)hematoma de parede; dois (1,0%) caso de dor torácica intensa no pós-operatório; um(1,0%) caso de deiscência parcial da sutura da pele e dois casos (1,0%) de cicatriz hipertrófica que foram tratados com ressecção e betaterapia. Conclusão: Pelos resultados estéticos alcançados, a esternocondroplastia apresentada está indicada para correção de Pectus Excavatum/Carinatum. Descritores: Tórax em funil; Anormalidades; Procedimentos cirúrgicos operatórios. INTRODUÇÃOPediatras, ortopedistas, cirurgiões torácicos, cirurgiões pediátricos; cirurgiões plásticos, de modo geral, têm dificuldade em reconhecer os tipos de deformidades torácicas e em orientar ou conduzir o seu tratamento. O desconhecimento, a pouca experiência da maioria dos serviços de ortopedia e cirurgia torácica e a baixa incidência desta entidade contribui para esta dificuldade.

BackgroundPosttransplant cell tracking, via stem cell labeling, is a crucial strategy for monitoring and maximizing benefits of cell-based therapies. The structures and functionalities of polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids allow their utilization in nanotechnology systems.Materials and methodsIn the present study, we analyzed the potential benefit of curcumin-loaded nanoparticles (NPC) using Vero cells (in vitro) and NPC-labeled adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (NPC-ADMSCs) (in vivo) in myocardial infarction and sciatic nerve crush preclinical models. Thereafter, transplantation, histological examination, real time imaging, and assessment of tissue regeneration were done.ResultsTransplanted NPC-ADMSCs were clearly identified and revealed potential benefit when used in cell tracking.ConclusionThis approach may have broad applications in modeling labeled transplanted cells and in developing improved stem cell therapeutic strategies.

Background Surgical correction of tracheal defects is a complex procedure when the gold standard treatment with primary end-to-end anastomosis is not possible. An alternative treatment may be the use of porcine small intestinal submucosa (SIS). It has been used as graft material for bioengineering applications and to promote tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether SIS grafts improved tracheal tissue regeneration in a rabbit model of experimental tracheostomy. Methods Sixteen rabbits were randomized into two groups. Animals in the control group underwent only surgical tracheostomy, while animals in the SIS group underwent surgical tracheostomy with an SIS graft covering the defect. We examined tissues at the site of tracheostomy 60 days after surgery using histological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and analyzed the perimeter and area of the defect with Image-Pro® PLUS 4.5 (Media Cybernetics). Results The average perimeter and area of the defects were smaller by 15.3% (p = 0.034) and 21.8% (p = 0.151), respectively, in the SIS group than in the control group. Histological analysis revealed immature cartilage, pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, and connective tissue in 54.5% (p = 0.018) of the SIS group, while no cartilaginous regeneration was observed in the control group. Conclusions Although tracheal SIS engraftment could not prevent stenosis in a rabbit model of tracheal injury, it produced some remarkable changes, efficiently facilitating neovascularization, reepithelialization, and neoformation of immature cartilage.

BACKGROUND -Videothoracoscopic for the treatment of hyperhidrosis is carried out by clamping of the sympathetic trunk, with a possibility for reversal in cases of intense compensatory sweating. OBJECTIVE -To evaluate therapeutic success, satisfaction, and compensatory sweating in patients submitted to this technique. METHOD -Prospective study in which 45 patients were divided into two groups. Group I: one patient with palmar hyperhidrosis and 20 patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis submitted to a T3 block; Group II: four patients with axillary hyperhidrosis, two with axillary and palmar hyperhidrosis, two with axillary and plantar hyperhidrosis, and 16 with axillary, palmar, and plantar hyperhidrosis submitted to a block of T3 and T4. RESULTS -In Group I, 95.2% of the patients had palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis, and in Group II, 66.7% had axillary, palmar, and plantar hyperhidrosis.

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Solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura usually have a benign behavior, although some may present malignant characteristics -recurrences, metastases, and paraneoplastic syndromes. When a solitary fibrous tumor is responsible for the development of hypoglycemia, we have a case of Doege-Potter syndrome. We describe a case of a male patient that presented recurring and severe hypoglycemia, being also diagnosed with an extensive intrathoracic mass, which was proven to be a solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura. The treatment, through the maintenance of proper serum levels of glucose (administration of solutions with glucose and steroids), followed by the surgical resection of the tumor, promoted the complete resolution of the hypoglycemia episodes. The early recognition of this condition and the proper treatment is essential for a good clinical outcome. It is important to underscore that the multidisciplinary evaluation (oncologists, radiologists, surgeons, and pathologists) of rare tumors is recommended to achieve better therapeutic results.

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Objective: To create a mechanical model that could be regulated to simulate the conditioning of inspired and expired air with the same normal values of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity as those of the respiratory system of a healthy young man on mechanical ventilation. Methods: Using several types of materials, a mechanical device was built and regulated using normal values of vital capacity, tidal volume, maximal inspiratory pressure, positive end-expiratory pressure, and gas temperature in the system. The device was submitted to mechanical ventilation for a period of 29.8 min. The changes in the temperature of the air circulating in the system were recorded every two seconds. Results: The statistical analysis of the data collected revealed that the device was approximately as efficient in the conditioning of air as is the respiratory system of a human being. Conclusion: By the study endpoint, we had developed a mechanical device capable of simulating the conditioning of air in the respiratory tract. The device mimics the conditions of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity seen in the respiratory system of healthy individuals.