In the arena of material sciences, one of the burning topics for research has been biogenically synthesizing nanoparticles (NPs) from plant derivatives and studying their applicability to be used as sustainable catalysts. The contemporary work happening on nanocatalysts focuses on the scope of application of green catalysts. For devising a technology that is ecofriendly as well as rapid, it seems a very viable option to biogenically synthesize NPs from plants. The potential that plants have in synthesizing these NPs has been mostly an unexplored venture, and the massive plant diversity is the reason for this is the lack of exploration. The NPs have antioxidant, antibacterial, and antimicrobial characteristics, which make them suitable candidates for application in different biomedical applications. This review begins with a discussion about the different natural products that are used for NP synthesis and goes on to discuss the factors that affect the synthesis. The authors have aimed to provide detailed information about green NPs and their applications in different biomedical areas. Existing literature on NP-based biomedical applications focuses more on synthetic NPs, and we hope that this review will help the readers to formulate a fresh perspective by concentrating their interests toward naturally synthesized NPs and their applications.
The advent and subsequent development of nanotechnology in the past few years have been a boon to the healthcare industry and especially in cancer therapy. Cancer, as it is known, is one of the deadliest maladies that has been plaguing the entire world, and there are several available therapies for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we discuss some of the applications and development in nanoparticle (NP)-based therapies like gene therapy, chemotherapy, etc., and alongside the therapies, there is a detailed discussion about the five deadliest types of cancers. It has been found that NPs have been widely successful compared to the era when the drug was administered alone. However, there are some challenges associated as well. For example, one of the challenges is to make sure that the NP-based drug reaches the target site, and for that, several researchers have been working to design efficient drug-delivery systems, which are discussed in this review. In this review, our aim is to address the utility, developments, and drawbacks of NPs in cancer therapy.
Cancer cannot be controlled by the usage of drugs alone, and thus, nanotechnology is an important technique that can provide the drug with an impetus to act more effectively. There is adequate availability of anticancer drugs that are classified as alkylating agents, hormones, or antimetabolites. Nanoparticle (NP) carriers increase the residence time of the drug, thereby enhancing the survival rate of the drug, which otherwise gets washed off owing to the small size of the drug particles by the excretory system. For example, for enhancing the circulation, a coating of nonfouling polymers like PEG and dextran is done. Famous drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) are commonly encapsulated inside the nanocomposite. The various classes of nanoparticles are used to enhance drug delivery by aiding it to fight against the tumor. Targeted therapy aims to attack the cells with features common to the cancer cells while minimizing damage to the normal cell, and these therapies work in one in four ways. Some block the cancer cells from reproducing newer cells, others release toxic substances to kill the cancer cells, some stimulate the immune system to destroy the cancer cells, and some block the growth of more blood vessels around cancer cells, which starve the cells of the nutrients, which is needed for their growth. This review aims to testify the advancements nanotechnology has brought in cancer therapy, and its statements are supported with recent research findings and clinical trial results.
Using hydrogels for delivering cancer therapeutics is advantageous in pharmaceutical usage as they have an edge over traditional delivery, which is tainted due to the risk of toxicity that it imbues. Hydrogel usage leads to the development of a more controlled drug release system owing to its amenability for structural metamorphosis, its higher porosity to seat the drug molecules, and its ability to shield the drug from denaturation. The thing that makes its utility even more enhanced is that they make themselves more recognizable to the body tissues and hence can stay inside the body for a longer time, enhancing the efficiency of the delivery, which otherwise is negatively affected since the drug is identified by the human immunity as a foreign substance, and thus, an attack of the immunity begins on the drug injected. A variety of hydrogels such as thermosensitive, pH-sensitive, and magnetism-responsive hydrogels have been included and their potential usage in drug delivery has been discussed in this review that aims to present recent studies on hydrogels that respond to alterations under a variety of circumstances in “reducing” situations that mimic the microenvironment of cancerous cells.
The amount of CO2 released in the atmosphere has been at a continuous surge in the last decade, and in order to protect the environment from global warming, it is necessary to employ techniques like carbon capture. Developing technologies like Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage aims at mitigating the CO2 content from the air we breathe and has garnered immense research attention. In this review, the authors have aimed to discuss the various technologies that are being used to capture the CO2 from the atmosphere, store it and further utilize it. For utilization, researchers have developed alternatives to make profits from CO2 by converting it into an asset. The development of newer fuel cells that consume CO2 in exchange for electrical power to drive the industries and produce valuable hydrocarbons in the form of fuel has paved the path for more research in the field of carbon utilization. The primary focus on the article is to inspect the environmental and economic feasibility of novel technologies such as fuel cells, different electrochemical processes, and the integration of artificial intelligence and data science in them, which are designed for mitigating the percentage of CO2 in the air.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.