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One hundred and five Mandara laying hens, 24 wks of age, were divided into seven experimental treatments to study the effect of dietary levels of fish oil (FO), linseed oil (LO) and their combination as a source of omega 3 on egg yolk omega three polyunsaturated fatty acids concentration on cholesterol and total lipids, and the productive performance and egg quality of laying hens. The experimental treatments were divided into seven treatments with three replicates each. The first treatment group was the control group, the second treatment was given 1% FO, the third treatment was given 2% FO, the fourth treatment was given2% LO, the fifth treatment was given 3% LO, the sixth treatment was given 1% FO + 1% LO and the seventh treatment was given1.5% FO + 1.5% LO. The obtained data revealed the following results: Addition of FO, LO, and LO + FO to the diets did not cause significant effects (P > 0.05) on feed intake, feed conversion and egg production traits (egg number, egg weight and egg mass). Adding FO, LO, and their combination insignificantly increased yolk percentage. Saturated fatty acids significantly decreased FO and LO increased compared to the control. Diets containing FO, LO, and their combinations resulted in a significant increase of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in eggs compared to the control group. Adding 2% FO, 1% FO + 1% LO and 1.5% FO + 1.5% LO to laying diets decreased (P<0.05) egg yolk total cholesterol and egg yolk total lipids comparing to control group. The lowest values of egg yolk total cholesterol and egg yolk total lipids were recorded by 1.5% FO + 1.5% LO compared to other treatments. Using 1% FO only or 1% FO + 1% LO in laying hen diets improved the economical efficiency comparable to the control group. The best feed cost/kg egg was recorded by the group fed diet 1% FO + 1% LO.

Alveolar ridge preservation techniques and biomaterials were extensively used in the past few years. The rate of new bone formation is the concept in healing sockets. The faster the rate the lesser the alveolar bone resorption. Resorption is fastened in the first three months after extraction. Wide range of biomaterials were available, the choice of an ideal material was confusing. Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of both Moringa Oleifera (MO) leaf powder and extract mixture locally and MO leaf extract repeated injections in fresh extraction sockets of dog. Moreover, identifying bioactive phenolic compounds in dried leaves. Materials and Methods: Eight mongrel dogs were included in this study; two animals were used as control. Six test animals were divided into two groups according to biopsy time (3 and 5 weeks). Each of these groups includes three animals. All animals were subjected to extraction of the third premolar bilaterally, both sides of the test animals (the six) were treated with Moringa Oleifera leaf powder (0.7 gm) and water extract (1ml) mixture. The right side only was subjected to repeated injections of Moringa Oleifera leaf water extract (½ ml) for two times (1 st week and 2 nd week postoperatively for all groups). Trephine bur was used to take biopsy for the purpose of histopathologic examination by H&E and Masson Trichrome stain to quantify new bone formation, and number of inflammatory cells. Results: Bone area percent showed the highest mean value in the right side at 3 weeks and 5 weeks. ANOVA test revealed no significant difference between groups (P=0.43) at 3 weeks, while the difference was significant at 5 weeks (P=0.00). Mean inflammatory cells count were significantly higher mean value in control group at 3 weeks and 5 weeks (P=0.00). Conclusion: Two injections of moringa oleifera aqueous extract of 11.7% concentration improved bone area present significantly at 5 weeks and decreased inflammatory cells at all test periods.

O ne of the main reasons for the low productivity of farm animals, especially rabbits, is climatic changes because they have thick fur and lack of sweat glands, which makes them suffer from excessive heat loss, which affects their productivity. The growth and reproduction rates of adult female rabbits are affected as a result of exposure to severe heat stress (30-31 ºC) (Marai et al., 2001). The consequences of exposure to high temperatures on rabbits were shown in terms of low pregnancy rate, fetal growth, birth size, birth weight and milk production, and mortali-ty before and after weaning increase (Morsy and Abd El-Lateif, 2017).Rabbits are characterized by critical physiological and hormonal changes during their reproductive cycle, making them more susceptible to these climatic influences (Mady, et al., 2018). The solution was to find effective nutritional supplement alternatives to improve the harmful effects of heat stress (El-Kholy et al., 2018;Hashem et al., 2021). Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is phytogenic additives, rich in research ArticleAbstract | Ninety mature does New-Zealand White rabbits age 6 months and weighting 3.2 kg were assigned randomly into six treatment groups. The treatments were fed basal diet as control (G1), basal diet plus 0.3 % turmeric (G2), 0.05 % MOS® (G3), 0.015 % Biostrong® 510 (G4), 0.05 % MOS +0.3 % turmeric (G5) and 0.05% MOS +0.015 % Biostrong (G6), respectively. Rabbits fed with turmeric, MOS and Biostrong recorded a significant (P≤0.05) increase in doe weight at mating, prepartum, partum and weaning period, and the rate of feed intake increased in the treated groups, especially the G5 through gestation period and the G3 in lactation stage. The milk yield also increased in the rabbits in treated groups, especially the G5, and it appeared clearly in the third parity. Birth size at birth and at weaning, birth weight and milk production were increased (P ≤ 0.05) in all treated groups in compared to the control group. Results have also shown that turmeric, MOS and Biostrong led to a significant increase in total protein, globulin, total antioxidant capacity (TAO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), with significant improve in A/G ratio and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) in the treated groups in compared to the control group. In conclusion, turmeric, MOS and Biostrong supplements had a beneficial effect as natural antioxidant additives, especially the mixture among them, by protecting against oxidative stress factors caused by pregnancy and lactation in female rabbits under heat stress.