On page 14, footnote 4 has been added to discuss the case of ontological models where the ontic state space is not finite, noting Hardy's excess baggage theorem [7] and explaining why, for our purposes in this thesis, there is no loss of generality in presuming a finite ontic state space.2. Chapter 1: On page 23, the phrase 'outcome determinism for projective (sharp) measurements in quantum theory' has been replaced by 'outcome determinism for projective (sharp) measurements in ontological models of quantum theory' to add clarity. Similarly, on page 28, the phrase 'to prove ODSM in quantum theory' has been replaced by 'to prove ODSM in ontological models of quantum theory'.3. Chapter 2: On page 49, first paragraph, 'Spekkens generalized notion of noncontextuality' replaced by 'Spekkens' generalized notion of noncontextuality'. 4. Chapter 3: On page 70, second paragraph, the definition of a POVM is amended by correcting the erroneously typed condition X i ∈F i M i (X i ) = I.
Studies conducted on the fitness of types of trap nests for Megachile bees showed that six species, viz. Megachile (Callomegachile) cephalotes, Megachile (Callomegachile) disjuncta, Megachile (Pseudomegachile) lanata, Megachile (Callomegachile) relata, Megachile (Eutricharaea) studiosella and Megachile (Callomegachile) umbripennis nested in tunnels (5-10 mm diameter), provided in different forms (drilled tunnels in bee nesting posts and wooden logs, and hollowed tunnels in bamboo sticks and reed stems). Nesting biology studies for three callomegachid bees, M. cephalotes, M. disjuncta and M. umbripennis, revealed that they nest in tunnels of similar length (; ) and diameter (; ). The cell walls and cell partitions were significantly different among the three species. The M. cephalotes females used resin to build their brood cells leaving an empty space. Megachile disjuncta females constructed their brood cells without leaving any basal space using resin as well as other materials in different combinations. In M. umbripennis, we recognized two distinct types of nests. One, similar to those of the two other resin bees usually having cylindrical or tubiform brood cells, and a second having only oval cells scattered all over in the nesting tunnel. The structural details of their nests exhibited several common features but also showed intraspecific and interspecific variations. This study provides new information on nesting details for these bees including their nest structure, brood development and adult emergence pattern for two different generations, which would be valuable in understanding the ecology of the diverse group of Megachile bees.
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