Indian dairy sector is estimated to contribute around 18.5 per cent of world total milk production from 512.1 million livestock (Sarvade and Upadhyay, 2019) with annual growth rate around 4.1 per cent.
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of limited and adequate irrigation and moisture conservation practices (rice straw mulch and hydrogel) on yield and water use efficiency in wheat. Though, maximum wheat yield (3.92 t/ha) and water use efficiency (15.72 kg/ha/mm) was recorded with four irrigations at crown root initiation stage, tillering, late jointing, and milk stage, two irrigations applied at tillering and flowering and soil mix drilling of 7.5 kg/ha hydrogel (a synthetic polymer) at sowing produced comparable yield (3.34 t/ha) with less water use, enhancing the water use efficiency (15.45 kg/ha-mm). The higher net return and B : C ratio were found in the treatment 2.5 kg/ha hydrogel. Thus, from present study it may be concluded that under limited irrigation conditions, water conservation practices like soil mix drilling of hydrogel and rice-straw mulching are beneficial for maintaining optimum moisture in soil to enhance wheat yield and water use efficiency.
(M.P.) during, kharif season of 2014. The experiment involve four pruning intensities+one open (without tree) in main plot and Three agronomical management practices in sub plot under strip plot design with five replications. The results revealed that, the growth and yield attributing parameters of paddy were significantly varied due to the effect of different pruning treatments and agronomical management practices. Among all the treatments open condition (crop only) produced significantly higher grain and straw yield (24.8 q ha-1 and 37.7 q ha-1 , respectively). Under agronomical management system 25% more nitrogen produced significantly higher grain and straw yield (21.6 q ha-1 and 36.2 q ha-1). It was found that the diameter at breast height (Dbh) of tree was significantly influenced by different pruning treatments. 25% pruning recorded significantly higher dbh (23.98 cm). The cylindrical volume and stand biomass of tree significantly influenced by different pruning treatments, 25% pruning recorded significantly higher cylindrical volume (217.27 m 3 ha-1) and stand biomass (167301.31 kg ha-1), which was significantly superior to 75% pruning and at pt par with no pruning and 50% pruning. The present study suggested that shade of trees adversely affects growth and yield of crop but silvicultural operation which can reduce tree canopy, facilitated entry of sunlight, pruning is one of them.
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