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In this work we investigated an unusual acidity feature of a Cu/SSZ-13 catalyst used in selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH 3 (NH 3-SCR). In particular, this catalyst showed two distinct NH 3 desorption peaks in NH 3-TPD measurements, in contrast to single, unresolved desorption peaks observed for other Cu-exchanged zeolites conventionally used in the SCR studies, including its isostructural but chemically different analogue Cu/SAPO-34. We further observed that the intensities of the two TPD peaks, which represented the amount of stored NH 3 , changed in opposite directions in response to progressive mild hydrothermal aging, while the total storage capacity was preserved. We proposed an explanation for this remarkable behavior, by using model reference samples and additional characterization techniques. At least three NH 3 storage sites were identified: two distinct populations of Cu sites responsible for low-temperature NH 3 storage, and Brønsted acid sites responsible for high-temperature NH 3 storage. Contrary to the commonly accepted mechanism that Brønsted acid site loss during hydrothermal aging is driven by dealumination, we concluded that the decline in the number of Brønsted acid sites upon mild hydrothermal aging for Cu/SSZ-13 was not due to dealumination, but rather transformation of Cu sites, i.e., gradual conversion of ZCuOH (Cu 2+ singly coordinated with Zeolite) to Z2Cu (Cu 2+ doubly coordinated with Zeolite). This transformation was responsible for the increased low-temperature desorption peak in NH 3-TPD since each ZCuOH adsorbed ~1 NH 3 molecule while each Z2Cu adsorbed ~2 NH 3 molecules under the conditions used here. These findings were used in Part II of this series of studies to develop a method for quantifying hydrothermal ageing of industrial Cu/SSZ-13 SCR catalysts.

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