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Background and Aim: Since some sealants can control cariogenic microorganisms, therefore the evaluation of antibacterial effect of different sealants are the subject of this study. Materials and Methods: in this experimental study, the plates were divided into 5 groups.Group I control:two plates including Blood Agar with Mutans Streptococcus (SM) & the other MRS with Lactobacillus Acidophilus (LA).Group II:6 plates Blood Agar culture with two wells and inoculation of SM with addition of two fissure sealants; Clinpro 3M with fluoride &flowable composite 3M without fluoride.In group III all the steps were the same as group IIexcept that in which fissure sealants used were Conseal F with flouride& Eco-s without fluoride.In groups IV & V all the steps were the same as groups II & III respectively except that MRS culture media with inoculation of Lactobacillus Acidophilus was used.The diameter of the growth inhibition halo (zone of inhibition) was measured using calipers. The experiment was repeated for three consecutive days with 26 plates and the results were recorded every 48 hours.The data were analyzed using Two-way ANOVA Results: The diameter of growth inhibition halo for Clinpro 3M in the medium where Streptococcus mutans was cultured was 27/29+ 3/59mm&where Lactobacillus Acidophilus was cultured was 12/37+ 1/46mm which differed from other three materials significantly. (p<0.000) Conclution: It seems, Clinpro 3M had the most inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans and , Lactobacillus acidophilus growth.

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Introduction: Arterial hypoxia is one of the most common findings in critically ill patients. Inhaled medications in ventilated patients can reduce airway resistance, facilitate dilution, and prevent airway infections. This study aimed to examine the effects of nebulized Eucalyptus on arterial blood gases and physiologic indexes of patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). Methods: The current randomized clinical trial was performed in three Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Using purposive sampling method, 70 intubated patients were selected and randomly divided into Nebulized Eucalyptus (NE) (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. NE group received 4 ml (5%) Eucalyptus in 6 ml normal saline (NS) every 8 h since intubation to 3 days by a nebulizer. Control group received 10 ml NS in the same way. Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) parameters (PH, BE, Hco3, Pco2, Sao2, and Pao2), and the Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP) and Tidal Volume (TV) were equally assessed in both intervention and control groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 13. Results: There was no significant difference between the patients of both groups in terms of vital signs (blood pressure, temperature, respiratory rate, and pulse rate), GCS, PH, BE, Hco3, Pco2, Sao2, Pao2, PIP, and TV before the study. Amongst the parameters of ABG, there was a significant difference between Pao2 and Sao2 and PIP in the intervention and control groups 3 days after intervention. Conclusion: Inhaled Eucalyptus can improve oxygenation and reduce airway pressure in patients undergoing MV.

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