Our study shows that closure of medium and small sized PDA by using ADO II AS device is effective and safe in children. The use of the device will expand the field of application of PDA closure in small infants.

This study compares NT proBNP and troponin T levels in umbilical cord arterial blood and postnatal echocardiographic findings for infants of gestational and pregestational diabetic mothers and macrosomic infants. Twenty-seven infants of pregestational diabetic mothers, 61 infants of gestational diabetic mothers and 37 macrosomic infants of nondiabetic mothers were prospectively enrolled in this study along with a control group of 58 healthy infants of mothers without any pregestational or gestational disorders as the control group. All enrollees were born after 34 weeks of gestation. For this study, umbilical cord blood was drawn during delivery to determine NT proBNP and troponin T levels. Echocardiography was performed 24-72 h after the delivery. Umbilical cord troponin T and NT proBNP levels were found to be higher in the diabetic and macrosomic groups than in the control group (all of them p < 0.001). NT proBNP levels were positively correlated with interventricular septum thickness in the pregestational and gestational infants of diabetic mothers groups (r = 0.564 and r = 0.560, respectively, p < 0.01). Both pregestational and gestational diabetic mothers were divided into two groups according to HbA1c levels in the third trimester as good (<6.1 %) and suboptimal (>6.1 %) metabolic control. In the good and suboptimal metabolic control diabetic groups, NT proBNP levels were also positively correlated with interventricular septum thickness (r = 0.536 and r = 0.576, respectively, p < 0.01). In the suboptimal metabolic control diabetic group, NT proBNP was only found to be positively correlated with the left ventricular mass index (r = 0.586, p < 0.01). While there was no correlation in the myocardial performance index between infants of diabetic mothers and the control group, the myocardial performance index of macrosomic infants was lower than that of the control group (p = 0.017). Cardiac biomarkers (NT proBNP and troponin T) were elevated in infants of diabetic mothers and macrosomic infants. While there was a positive correlation between NT proBNP levels and cardiac structure in infants of pregestational and gestational diabetic mothers, there was no relationship between NT proBNP levels and cardiac function.

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ÖZETAmaç: Doğuştan kalp hastalıkları için yüksek ve düşük risk taşıyan gebelerde intrauterin kalp hastalığı sıklığını belirlemek ve karşılaştırmak. Yöntemler: Üniversitemiz Tıp Fakültesi Pediatrik Kardiyoloji Ünitesinde fetal ekokardiyografi yapılan 3782 gebenin kayıtları ve ekokardiyografi sonuçları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Gruplar arasındaki değişkenler Ki-kare testi kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Yüksek ve düşük riskli gruplardaki tüm fetüslerin 213'ünde (%5.6) yapısal kalp hastalığı bulundu. En sık patolojiler ventriküler septal defekt (%36.2) ve atriyoventriküler septal defekt (%14.1) idi. Yüksek riskli grupta doğuştan kalp hastalığı sıklığı %7.8 (169 fetüs) bulundu; %4.1'i kompleks, %2.3'ü önemli, %1.4'ü minör patolojiydi. Düşük riskli grupta bu oran %2.7 (44 fetüs) idi; %0.6'sı kompleks, %0.8'i önemli ve %1.3'ü minör patolojiydi. Bu grupta bazı nedenlerle başvuranlarda yapısal kalp hastalığı sıklığı yüksek bulundu; önceki gebelikte intrauterin fetal ölüm (%6.3), anormal birinci ve ikinci üç aylık dönem tarama testleri (%4.3) ve çoğul gebelik (%3.4). Fetal ekokardiyografik incelemenin duyarlılığı %86, özgül-lüğü %98 bulundu. Sonuç: Doğuştan kalp hastalığı sıklığı beklenildiği gibi yüksek riskli grupta daha yüksek bulundu. Düşük riskli grupta yer almalarına rağmen önceki gebelikte intrauterin fetal ölüm, anormal birinci ve ikinci üç aylık dönem tarama testleri ve çoğul gebelik nedeniyle başvuranlardaki kalp hastalığı sıklığı ile yüksek riskli gruptaki kalp hastalığı sıklığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Bu nedenle kardiyoloji kliniğinin bu konuda uzman kardiyoloğu ve ekipmanı yeterli ise yukarıdaki nedenlerle başvuran gebelere rutin fetal ekokardiyografik çalışma yapılmasını öneriyoruz. (Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 2011; 2: 125-30) Anahtar kelimeler: Doğuştan kalp hastalığı, fetal ekokardiyografi, yüksek riskli gebelik, düşük riskli gebelik ABSTRACT Objective: To establish and compare the frequency of intrauterine congenital heart defects in high-risk and low-risk pregnancies for congenital heart diseases. Methods: Records of 3782 patients who underwent fetal echocardiography at the Pediatric Cardiology Unit were reviewed for reasons of referral and results of echocardiography retrospectively. The categorical variables between the groups were analyzed using a Chi-square test. Results: Structural heart defects were found in 213 (5.6%) fetuses in both high and low risk groups. Most common defects were ventricular septal defect (36.2%) and atrioventricular septal defect (14.1%). Frequency of congenital heart diseases was 7.8% (169 fetuses) in high-risk group: 4.1% were complex, 2.3% significant and 1.4% were minor. In low-risk group, the frequency was 2.7% (44 fetuses): 0.6% were complex, 0.8% significant and 1.3% were minor. In this group, rates of congenital defects were high regarding particular reasons: intrauterine fetal death in previous pregnancy (6.3%), abnormal first or second trimester screening tests (4.3%), and multiple gestations (3.4%). The sensitivity and...

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Our data on the natural course and prognosis of VSDs may be of relevance with respect to patients' age, defect type, and complications encountered in the follow-up period.

Congenital aortico-cameral communications are rarely seen. We present an asymptomatic patient in whom there was a congenital vascular communication rising from the aortic root and terminating in the left atrium. She had an atrial septal defect (ASD). The diagnosis was made with echocardiography and confirmed by aortography. She was treated by closing the tunnel and the ASD. The outcome was satisfactory in this extremely rare case of a congenital cardiac lesion. Coincidental diagnosis could be made during careful echocardiographic examination.