RESUMOObjetivo: analisar a utilização de metodologias ativas como estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem em um curso de capacitação em drogas e redução de danos para trabalhadores da APS. Método: trata-se de estudo qualitativo e analítico desenvolvido por meio de entrevistas gravadas com roteiro semiestruturado, 12 profissionais da saúde; analisando-se as informações pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. Resultados: desenvolveram-se as atividades com base em estratégias ativas do tipo dramatização, dinâmica de troca, situação problema e aprendizagem baseada em equipe, todas envolvendo a temática; foram avaliadas positivamente como forma melhor de compreensão sobre o tema para uma tomada de decisão adequada. Conclusão: mostraram-se as metodologias ativas como estratégia pedagógica eficaz e facilitadora para o aprimoramento e a aquisição de conhecimentos para a formação profissional, em específico, para o campo de atuação e o manejo ao usuário dependente químico. Descritores: Saúde Mental; Capacitação Profissional; Dependência Química; Atenção Primária; Problematização; Ensino-Aprendizagem.ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the use of active methodologies as a strategy for teaching and learning in a training course on drugs and harm reduction for workers in the PHC. Method: this is a qualitative and analytical study, developed through recorded interviews with structured guide, with 12 health professionals, analyzing the information by Content Analysis Technique. Results: there were developed the activities based on active strategies of type dramatization, dynamic exchange, situation problem and based learning team, all involving the theme; they were positively evaluated as a better way of understanding about the theme for a proper decision. Conclusion: there were shown active methodologies as pedagogical strategy effective and facilitator for the improvement and acquisition of knowledge for professional training, in particular, for the field of activity and the management to the user dependent on drugs. Descriptors: Mental Health; Professional Training; Chemical Dependency; Primary Attention; Problematization; Teaching-Learning.RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el uso de metodologías activas como estrategia para la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en un curso de capacitación en drogas y reducción de daños para los trabajadores de la APS. Método: este es un estudio cualitativo y analítico, desarrollado a través de entrevistas grabadas con guía estructurado, con 12 profesionales de la salud; el análisis de la información mediante la Técnica de Análisis de Contenido. Resultados: las actividades fueron desarrolladas sobre la base de estrategias activas del tipo dramatización, intercambio dinámico, la situación problema y basadas en el equipo de aprendizaje, todos relacionados con el tema, que fueron evaluados positivamente como una mejor manera de comprender el tema para una decisión adecuada. Conclusión: se muestraron las metodologías activas como estrategia pedagógica eficaz y facilitadoras para el mejoramiento y la adquisición de conocimientos para la formación profesional, en particular, para el ámbito de la actividad y la gestión del usuario dependiente de químicos. Descriptores: Salud Mental; Capacitación Profesional; Dependencia Química; Atención Primaria; Problematización; Enseñanza-Aprendizaje.
Objective: to analyze the scientific evidence available on the factors and implications related to the use of psychoactive substances by nursing workers. Method: an integrative review, which had the following as selection criteria: primary studies, published between 2008 and 2017, without language restrictions and that included aspects related to the consumption of psychoactive substances by nursing professionals. The bibliographic survey was carried out in the months of September and October 2018, in the following databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science and LILACS, BDENF and IBECS via the Virtual Health Library. Results: a total of 14 articles were analyzed, with predominance of cross-sectional (28.57%), qualitative descriptive (28.57%), and quantitative descriptive (14.28%) studies, with significant samples ranging from 12 to 33,588 nursing professionals, and with 2C level of evidence (100.00%). The synthesis of knowledge was formulated in two categories: Predisposing factors for the consumption of psychoactive substances by nursing workers; and Implications of the use of psychoactive substances in personal life and in the quality of nursing care. Conclusion: the evidence found shows that the use of psychoactive substances represented a reality present in the daily lives of nursing workers and the close relationship with the working conditions represented the main associated factor, with the work environment being the major influencer for consumption.
Objective: To analyze the evidence available in the literature on harm reduction actions developed by primary healthcare. Method: Integrative literature review carried out in the databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of ScienceTM and LILACS. Results: Seventeen (17) primary studies published from 2008 to 2017 were included in this review. Care strategies for harm reduction included maintenance treatment with methadone, therapy with opioid agonists, needle and syringe distribution programs and the creation of rooms for supervised drug consumption. Health professionals were essential for consolidating inclusion strategies, possessing skills to listen without judgment and prejudice. Conclusion: Harm reduction care strategies have been disseminated in different countries and healthcare levels, aiming toward safe practice and quality, effective and risk-free care actions.
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