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Nowadays ionic liquids are in the focus of scientific interest owing to their attractive properties. In this context, a series of amino acid-based ionic liquids (AAILs; EmimGly, EmimAla, EmimPro, and EmimSer) were synthesized and characterized by NMR and elemental analysis. Thermophysical properties such as density and viscosity were measured in the temperature range of T = (293.15 to 353.15) K and refractive index in the temperature range of T = (293.15 to 333.15) K. The thermal expansion coefficient values were calculated from the acquired experimental density values for T = (293.15 to 363.15) K. A thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to investigate the thermal degradation behavior of synthesized ionic liquids.

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A series of choline carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs) have been synthesized by neutralization of choline hydroxide solution with acetic, propanoic, butanoic, pivalic, and hexanoic acids. The salts so obtained were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, thermal methods, and elemental analysis. Key physical properties (density, viscosity, and refractive index) were measured for the propanoate, butanoate, and hexanoate salts at temperatures from (293.15 to 353.15) K. The densities were used to estimate the molecular volumes, standard entropies, crystal lattice energies, and thermal expansion coefficients. All five choline carboxylates were found to have cytotoxicities (IC 50 values) above 10 mM toward the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, indicating they are much less toxic than common imidazolium-based ILs.

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In the present work 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (BmimOAc) ionic liquids have been used for the dissolution of bamboo biomass. After dissolution the treated samples were precipitated by using water. The calorific value, CHNS content, lignin content, and proximate analysis of the untreated and precipitated material were measured. The BmimCl treated sample was found to have a higher value for calorific value, elemental percentage of carbon, and lignin content as well as fixed carbon, compared to the untreated and BmimOAc treated samples. The untreated and ionic liquid treated samples were also characterized by TGA and XRD. Low thermal stability and change in crystalline form from cellulose Type I to Type II have been observed by the dissolution and precipitation treatment. Pyrolysis− gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was employed to achieve fast pyrolysis of the untreated and ionic liquid treated samples of bamboo. The desirable products with respect to bio-oil, such as phenols, furans, alcohols, hydrocarbons, and aromatics are increased, while the undesirable products such as aldehydes and ketones, except for total acids, are decreased for the BmimCl treated sample.

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