The transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) is one of the principal inducible protein in mammals known to control the gene expression in many critical physiological responses such as oxidative stress, inflammation etc. and has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer. Terpenoids are major constituents present in nutritionally used fruits, vegetables and different spices which possess various pharmacological action including anticancer activity. Various terpenoids, viz. monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, sesterterpenoids, triterpenoids, tetraterpenoids and polyterpenoids inhibit NF-kB signaling pathway through IkB phosphorylation, DNA binding, p65 translocation etc. Keeping in mind these facts, the present review revealed the anti-cancer potential of naturally occurring terpenoids highlighting their mechanism of NF-kB inhibition. This review also focuses on some of the naturally occurring terpenoids belonging to various chemical categories with potential inhibitory effects on NF-kB and their role in the treatment of cancer.

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The most significant issues that humans face today include a growing population, an altering climate, an growing reliance on pesticides, the appearance of novel infectious agents, and an accumulation of industrial waste. The production of agricultural goods has also been subject to a great number of significant shifts, often known as agricultural revolutions, which have been influenced by the progression of civilization, technology, and general human advancement. Sustainable measures that can be applied in agriculture, the environment, medicine, and industry are needed to lessen the harmful effects of the aforementioned problems. Endophytes, which might be bacterial or fungal, could be a successful solution. They protect plants and promote growth by producing phytohormones and by providing biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Endophytes produce the diverse type of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, quinones, chinones, phenolic acids etc. and are known for various therapeutic advantages such as anticancer, antitumor, antidiabetic, antifungal, antiviral, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant activity. Proteases, pectinases, amylases, cellulases, xylanases, laccases, lipases, and other types of enzymes that are vital for many different industries can also be produced by endophytes. Due to the presence of all these bioactive compounds in endophytes, they have preferred sources for the green synthesis of nanoparticles. This review aims to comprehend the contributions and uses of endophytes in agriculture, medicinal, industrial sectors and bio-nanotechnology with their mechanism of action.

Androgen receptor has been proved to be effective site for treatment of prostate cancer. Molecular modeling methods performed on forty-three ionone based chalcones derivatives as anti-prostate cancer activity. The designed comparative molecular field analysis, comparative similarity indices analysis and hologram quantitative structure activity relationship models produced statistically significant results with the cross-validated correlation coefficients (q2) of 0.527, 0.550 and 0.670, non-cross-validated correlation coefficients (r2) 0.636, 0.671 and 0.746 and predicted r2 (Pred r2) of 0.621, 0.563 and 0.732, respectively. Furthermore, bioactive conformation was explored and explained by docking of the potent compound 25 into the binding site of androgen receptor. Present study deals with comparative molecular field analysis, comparative similarity indices analysis and hologram quantitative structure activity relationship and molecular docking studies of the ionone-based chalcones and their derivatives, obtained from literature. The model obtained could be effectively used as a channeling tool for further structure modification and designing of some novel potent anti-prostate cancer compounds.

Recently inorganic based metallodrugs provides effective mechanism of the drugs on the choice of metal and its properties. Medicinal complex compounds provides efficient platform for the various pharmacological and therapeutic...

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Background: Microtubules are dynamic filamentous cytoskeletal structures which play several key roles in cell proliferation and trafficking. They are supposed to contribute in the development of important therapeutic targeting tumor cells. Chalcones are important group of natural compounds abundantly found in fruits & vegetables that are known to possess anticancer activity. We have used QSAR and docking studies to understand the structural requirement of chalcones for understanding the mechanism of microtubule polymerization inhibition. Methods: Three dimensional (3D) QSAR (CoMFA and CoMSIA), pharmacophore mapping and molecular docking studies were performed for the generation of structure activity relationship of combretastatin-like chalcones through statistical models and contour maps. Results: Structure activity relationship revealed that substitution of electrostatic, steric and donor groups may enhance the biological activity of compounds as inhibitors of microtubule polymerization. From the docking study, it was clear that compounds bind at the active site of tubulin protein. Conclusion: The given strategies of modelling could be an encouraging way for designing more potent compounds as well as for the elucidation of protein-ligand interaction.