Purpose - Innovation is imperative to address a wide array of challenges in higher education. The term “microclass” is coined by the researcher to describe the division of a large class into smaller classes, which are handled by student facilitators who have undergone microteaching and performed similar teacher tasks to facilitate students, assessment, discussion, and feedback. Methodology - This was an explorative study and employed the triangulation method (self-designed questionnaire, observation byteacher peers, and semi-structured interview) as well as thematic and descriptive analysis to evaluate the roles of the teacher and student facilitators, level of engagement, and effectiveness of this innovation in the teaching-learning process for the subject, biology. Findings - Data revealed that the role of the teacher and student facilitators concurred to work responsibly in a synergistic manner asimplementers of microclass. The teacher, conducted microteaching, observed, supervised, consulted, and provided feedback to the student facilitators. The student facilitators acted as discussant, motivator, collaborator, coordinator, and executor of initiatives such as scaffolding and pair method throughout the duration and stages of the microclass, resulting in an organized classroom. Furthermore, the microclass was innovatively effective and improved student engagement in the teaching-learning process, which in turn developed soft skills among the students—leadership, commitment and discipline. Significance - It assists science teachers in constructively engaging their students in learning science including boosting students’ softskills, essential for 21st-century skills education and thus warrants further investigation.
The use of macroalgae as a substitute for synthetic drugs is gaining popularity. Macroalgae is a simple and fascinating species that is a treasure chest of natural chemicals and beneficial ingredients and can be found in some areas of marine environment. This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicity effect through brine shrimp bioassay and presence of the secondary metabolites through phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract in selected macroalgae collected along the intertidal zone in selected areas of the Barangays in Loreto Dinagat Islands. A total of ten macroalgae were collected containing two samples for red algae, four samples for green algae and four samples brown algae. Screening of phytochemical constituents showed positive results for flavonoids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, steroids and alkaloids. The toxicity levels of each selected macroalgae were dose-dependent. Three of the samples of macroalgae were identified as highly toxic, and seven of the selected macroalgae were identified as moderately toxic. The result of the present study confirmed that some of the macroalgae present in Loreto Dinagat Islands were rich sources of phytoconstituents which can be isolated and further screened for various biological activities. This study also supports the use of the macroalgae in the treatment of diseases in traditional medicine and also recommends the physicchemical characterization and further biological evaluation of the macroalgae.
The use of macroalgae as a substitute for synthetic drugs is gaining popularity. Macroalgae is a simple and fascinating species that is a treasure chest of natural chemicals and beneficial ingredients and can be found in some areas of the marine environment. This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicity effect through brine shrimp bioassay and presence of the secondary metabolites through phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract in selected macroalgae collected along the intertidal zone in selected areas of the Barangays in Loreto Dinagat Islands. A total of ten macroalgae were collected containing two samples for red algae, four samples for green algae and four samples brown algae. Screening of phytochemical constituents showed positive results for flavonoids, anthraquinones, saponins, tannins, steroids and alkaloids. The toxicity levels of each selected macroalgae were dosedependent. Three of the samples of macroalgae were identified as highly toxic, and seven of the selected macroalgae were identified as moderately toxic. The result of the present study confirmed that some of the macroalgae present in Loreto Dinagat Islands were rich sources of phytoconstituents which can be isolated and further screened for various biological activities. This study also supports the use of the macroalgae in the treatment of diseases in traditional medicine and also recommends the physico-chemical characterization and further biological evaluation of the macroalgae.
The study was conducted to scientifically validate 15 herbal plants traditionally utilized by the Mamanwa of Mindanao for child health care. Phytochemical screening for alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and tannins was done as well as antimicrobial activity testingof thecrude ethanolic and methanolic extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Result of Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of anthraquinones in the 14 plants sample except alibangbang leaves, 13 were present with alkaloid and steroid except tagbak tubers and togup bark, 9 plant sample contains flavonoids, 5 plant sample contains saponins and 4 plant sample contains tannins. Antimicrobial result from ethanolic and methanolic extract shows only three herbal plants were found to be inactive with the four test organisms and the rest of the test plants were partially active, active and very active. Alibangbang leaves with ethanolic and methanolic extract showed high affinity or very active with S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli while lunas bark in ethanolic extract was found to be very active with S. aureus and togup bark in ethanolic extract showed very active with P. aeruginosa.
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