Oligochaeta assemblages are important components in freshwater environments, where their abundance and composition may indicate aspects related to water quality and sediment. The lack of information about these communities in Brazilian aquatic environments, as well as the application of native species as bioindicators of lotic environmental, stimulated the conception of this paper. Thus, the aim was to study the community of aquatic Oligochaeta in selected stretches of the Juruena River (MT), thereby generating grounds for future environmental monitoring action in lotic ecosystems. For this purpose, samples were analyzed at bimonthly intervals during the period from January to November 2009, in stretches of the Juruena River (Amazon River Basin) located in the State of Mato Grosso (MT). Two methods were used to collect the organisms: a) "D" network in small clusters of fixed macrophytes in the sediment on the river banks; and b) Ekman-Birge dredge in fine sediment. Preliminary results were 584 organisms distributed in 22 taxa. Of these, 22 valid species were identified. This number corresponds to approximately 25% of the aquatic oligochaete species registered in Brazil. Of these species, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Dero nivea and Pristina rosea can be associated with organic enrichment conditions and/or some level of environmental degradation.
More than 5.000 species are described to Class Oligochaeta, and approximately 1650 aquatic species are recognized around the world. Knowledge regarding abundance and composition of limnic oligochaetes can be used as an indicator of water and sediment quality. Thus, this paper aims to summarize all published data on aquatic Oligochaeta from State of Sã o Paulo (Brazil), in order to establish a cheklist of microdrili from the State. The list emphasizes the diversity of limnic oligochaetes and provides a general overview of their distribution and also ecological aspects. Were examined the bibliographical data on Sã o Paulo aquatic Oligochaeta, including species catalogs and taxonomic and ecological literature. Were analyzed a total of 34 academic researches, 32 journal papers and two taxonomic catalogs. This analysis resulted in a list of 75 valid species, distributed in 24 genera and five families. This amount of taxa corresponds to 4.5% of the aquatic Oligochaeta worldwide valid species, and about 87% of the Brazilian species. Keywords: Limnic oligochaetes, Species list, Occurrence, São Paulo.GORNI, G., PEIRÓ , D.F., SANCHES, N. Oligochaeta aquático (Annelida: Clitellata) do Estado de São Paulo: Revisão da Diversidade e Ocorrência.http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/ 1676-06032015006314 Resumo: Mais de 5.000 espécies sã o descritas para a Classe Oligochaeta e aproximadamente 1650 espécies aquá ticas sã o reconhecidas em todo o mundo. O conhecimento sobre a composiçã o e abundâ ncia de oligoquetos límnicos pode ser um indicador de qualidade da á gua e/ou sedimento. Assim, este trabalho teve como objetivo reunir todas as informaçõ es publicadas sobre Oligochaeta aquá tico do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil), a fim de estabelecer uma lista de tá xons de microdrili registrados. A lista destaca a diversidade de oligoquetos límnicos e fornece uma visã o geral de sua distribuiçã o e aspectos ecoló gicos. Para isso, foram examinados dados bibliográ ficos de Oligochaeta aquá ticos em Sã o Paulo, incluindo catá logos de espécies, bem como artigos sobre taxonomia e de ecologia. Foram analisados ??o total de 34 trabalhos acadêmicos, sendo 32 artigos e dois catá logos taxonô micos. Esta aná lise resultou em uma lista de 75 espécies vá lidas, distribuídas em 24 gêneros e cinco famílias. Este montante corresponde a 4,5% das espécies de Oligochaeta aquá tico registradas no mundo, e aproximadamente 87 % das espécies brasileiras.
As macrófitas possuem complexidades estruturais morfológicas diferentes, oferecendo aos animais a disponibilidade de vários nichos. Esses vegetais também são um importante substrato para o desenvolvimento de perifíton, que possui grande valor nutricional e constitui um dos principais alimentos dos invertebrados aquáticos, principalmente naidídeos. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a diversidade da comunidade de Oligochaeta em macrófitas dos gêneros Egeria sp. e Salvinia sp., em lagoas marginais da represa do Ribeirão das Anhumas. Essas macrófitas possuem características tridimensionais distintas e hábitos diferentes, sendo a Egeria submersa fixa e a Salvinia flutuante livre. As coletas das macrófitas foram realizadas entre os meses de agosto de 2012 e abril de 2013. Das amostras vegetais foram tomadas 100 gramas de biomassa (peso úmido) de cada gênero e a remoção das plantas do ambiente foi feita com o auxílio de uma peneira com malha 0,21 mm. Entre as duas macrófitas analisadas, a Egeria sp. foi a que obteve maior diversidade, riqueza e abundância em relação à Salvinia sp. Esses resultados demonstram que as macrófitas aquáticas são importantes para o estabelecimento dos oligoquetos, fornecendo principalmente proteção e alimento, e que possivelmente a morfologia e hábito das plantas são os fatores que mais influenciam na associação da oligogauna com esses vegetais.
Comunidades de invertebrados bentônicos presentes no ambiente podem indicar a influência dos impactos ambientais causados pelas atividades humanas. Algumas espécies da Classe Oligochaeta são consideradas eficientes bioindicadores de avaliação da poluição orgânica da água. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade da água em duas nascentes (pontos Córrego do Tanquinho e Córrego da Caixa D’água) localizadas no perímetro urbano do município de Araraquara-SP por meio do estudo da oligofauna. As coletas ocorreram entre os meses de março e abril de 2017. As amostras foram coletadas em três pontos de cada manancial com o auxílio de um amostrador do tipo rede em “D” (250 µm) pelo método de varredura. A oligofauna triada em laboratório foi fixada em formalina 10% e, após, identificada até o nível taxonômico de espécie. Adicionalmente, variáveis físicas e químicas das nascentes foram medidas em campo (pH, temperatura da água, condutividade elétrica, oxigênio dissolvido e sólidos totais dissolvidos). A identificação da oligofauna revelou um total de 280 organismos distribuídos em 19 táxons. Foram identificadas 14 espécies pertencentes a quatro famílias: Alluroididae, Enchytraeidae, Naididae e Tubificidae. Ambas as nascentes apresentaram valores próximos para as variáveis ambientais, contudo, condutividade elétrica e sólidos totais dissolvidos sugeriram uma diferenciação representativa nos valores obtidos. De forma conclusiva, o ponto NCD apresentou preciso grau de impacto, evidenciando um pontual processo de degradação do meio, ao passo que, a somatória das análises realizadas para o ponto NT mostrou que ele não apresenta estágio significativo de poluição.
This work sought the survey of species and information about the distribution of the Class Oligochaeta in reservoirs sampled in the Sediment Quality Monitoring Network of CETESB (Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo). As such, this study aimed to inventory the limnic oligochaetes fauna to expand knowledge of the ecology and distribution of this group in reservoirs in the state of São Paulo. Ninety replicates were performed in 12 reservoirs in the state of São Paulo between 2014 and 2016, using van Veen or Ponar samplers in the sublittoral region, and Ekman-Birge in the deep region. Twenty-eight taxa were inventoried, belonging to the families Naididae and Opistocystidae. The species Dero righii and Pristina longisoma were recorded for the first time in São Paulo State, Nais magnaseta and Spirosperma velutina were first recorded in Brazil. The results presented here make this inventory extremely important for understanding the distribution of aquatic oligochaetes throughout the Brazilian territory.
Freshwater invertebrates occupy important roles in ecological processes and are frequently used as indicators of water quality. Their existence, however, is still obscure in many regions of the country, i.e. very few relevant studies have been conducted regarding their presence especially in the Amazon region. Thus, this study aimed to present an inventory of aquatic macroinvertebrates from the marginal region of an Amazonian lake. This study was conducted in a floodplain area, at the Extractivist Reserve of Cuniã Lake (margin of the Madeira River).To sample macrofauna, were collected sediment and aquatic macrophytes near the marginal region in seven sites during low-water season (August 2015) and the high-water season (February 2016). The environmental variables (water temperature (ºC), electric conductivity (μS /cm), pH, and dissolved oxygen (mg/L) were measured at each site and concentrations of organic matter in the sediment were also determined. A total of 28 taxa were recorded. The most significant taxa for the lake were the genera: Campsurus (Ephemeroptera: Polymitarcydae) and Tenagobia (Hemiptera: Corixidae. The lake presents diverse macrofauna, indicating good environmental quality and organic enrichment, which highlights the importance of flood in composition of local macrofauna.
The knowledge about the diversity and fauna distribution in tropical freshwater ecosystems is of extreme ecological importance, however studies on this theme still scarce. Organisms belonging to the Oligochaeta Class are considered important bioindicators for environmental quality analysis, but detailed knowledge about these organisms is still insufficient. This study aims to investigate the occurrence of oligochaeta species in eight rivers of the State of São Paulo (Brazil), to expand the species catalogue and identify the its relationship with the trophic state of sampled environments. The samples were collected by the Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB) from 2014 to 2016 and include areas with different land uses, ranging from conservation, agricultural and industrial. We used species richness estimator (Bootstrap) and accumulation curves of randomized species (collector curve), in order to evaluate the efficiency of samples collected. Rivers were classified according to the trophic state, ranging from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic. As a result, we identified a total of 7,398 oligochaetes distributed in 25 taxa, which belong to the families: Alluroididae, Naididae and Opistocystidae. The most frequent species registered in this research, present in seven of the eight sampled rivers was Bothrioneurum sp., followed by Pristina synclites registered in six of the eight sampled rivers.
The knowledge of the diversity and distribution of aquatic Oligochaeta (Annelida: Clitellata) species is scarce in southern Brazil. This study presents a list of the species of aquatic Oligochaeta in wetlands and irrigated rice fields in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Collections were carried out in two large wetland remnants and seven irrigated rice fields distributed in three regions across the state. We recorded eight species from two families (Alluroididae and Naididae). We expanded the distribution ranges of two species (Brinkhurstia americana and Stylaria lacustris), which represent new records for the state of Rio Grande do Sul and registered their occurrence in non-documented environments. In specific, the present study increases to 24 species the aquatic Oligochaeta diversity for the state of Rio Grande do Sul. In addition, the spatial distribution of the species recorded suggests that rice fields support a subset of the wetland fauna of aquatic Oligochaeta. The results provide important information on the ecology and distribution of limnic Oligochaeta and are useful to inform on the diversity of this fauna in agroecosystems.
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