[Bahasa]: Pandemi COVID-19 berdampak pada berbagai aspek, termasuk kesehatan mental mahasiswa. Berbagai studi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kejadian gangguan mental di masa pandemi. Gangguan mental terbanyak adalah depresi, kecemasan, dan stres. Pengetahuan kesehatan mental merupakan salah satu cara untuk menekan kejadian gangguan mental. Namun, data mengenai pengetahuan kesehatan mental terhadap gangguan mental pada mahasiswa masih terbatas. Oleh karenanya, peneliti mengadakan kegiatan edukasi melalui webinar daring untuk memberikan edukasi kesehatan mental yang mencakup penelitian untuk menganalisis tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan mental dan kejadian gangguan mental terbanyak, perbedaan keduanya berdasarkan aspek sosiodemografi, serta hubungan antara dua aspek tersebut pada mahasiswa di Indonesia selama pandemi. Data diolah menggunakan analitik komparatif dan korelasi dengan teknik pengambilan consecutive sampling. Respon diambil menggunakan kuesioner DASS-21 untuk mengetahui status psikologis responden dan 16 item pertanyaan yang telah diuji validitas dan reabilitas untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan responden. Sebanyak 265 responden didominasi oleh jenis kelamin perempuan (81,5%), berusia 15 – 19 tahun (57,4%), dan berasal dari Jawa (62,3%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan depresi kurang (42,6%), kecemasan baik (61,9%), dan stres sangat baik (48,3%), dengan tingkat depresi normal (40,3%), kecemasan sedang (30,6%), dan stres sedang (27,2%). Hasil uji komparatif tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada variabel, kecuali tingkat pengetahuan kecemasan menurut kelompok usia (p=0,033). Uji korelasi Spearman Correlation menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan mental terhadap tingkat depresi (p=0,250), kecemasan (p=0,819), dan stres (p=0,403). Kata Kunci: kesehatan mental, depresi, kecemasan, stres [English]: COVID-19 pandemic affects many aspects of human life, including college students’ mental health. Some studies showed increase on mental disorder in pandemic era. The most common mental disorders are depression, anxiety, and stress. Mental health knowledge is a means to suppress mental disorder. However, studies that concerned in mental health knowledge on mental disorder amongst college students are limited. Therefore, we held online webinar for mental health education, including a research aimed to analyze the most common mental health knowledge and disorder level, difference of both according to sociodemographic aspects, and correlation between those two aspects in college students during pandemic. All data was processed by using comparative and correlation statistical analytic with consecutive sampling. The instruments used were DASS-21 questionnaire to assess psychological status of respondents and another questionnaire with 16 items that had passed validity and reability tests to assess mental health knowledge. A total of 265 respondents were included, dominated by female (81.5%), aged 15 – 19 years old (57.4%), and from Java (62.3%). Most of respondents had less depression knowledge (42.6%), good anxiety knowledge (61.9%), very good stress knowledge (48.3%), normal depression level (40.3%), moderate anxiety (30.6%), and moderate stress (27.2%). The results of the comparative test show no significant difference on variables, except anxiety knowledge on age group (p=0.033). The result of Spearman Correlation show no correlation on mental health knowledge to depression level (p=0.250), anxiety level (p=0.819), and stress level (p=0.403). Keywords: mental health, depression, anxiety, stress
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which consists of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the intestine. The etiology is heterogeneous and multifactorial, including genetic susceptibility, immune-mediated tissue damage, and changes of lumen microenvironment, especially short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria. Several studies reported a decrease in SCFA concentration in both CD and UC. In fact, SCFAs has important roles in accelerating disease remission. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the changes in SCFA concentration, the composition of SCFA-producing bacteria, and SCFA metabolism in IBD. A literature search was conducted via PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL by selecting studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality and risk of bias assessment were performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Overall, 160 UC and 127 CD patients from 5 studies were reviewed. The SCFA concentration was significantly reduced (p <0.05) in both PC and UC. Moreover, there was a decrease in major SCFA-producing bacteria. Clostridium coccoides were significantly decreased in the feces of active UC (p = 0.015) and CD (p = 0.04). Clostridium leptum was decreased on intestinal mucosal biopsy of active CD and UC (p <0.0001). Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were decreased in active CD faeces (p <0.0001) and UC (p = 0.0001). Butyrate oxidation rate was also reported to decrease in UC compared to control (p<0.0001). In conclusion, the ability of major SCFA-producing bacterial production in IBD was diminished, which implies a decreased protective and anti-inflammatory effect of SCFA that altered its metabolism.
Introduction: Chronic hepatitis B raises serious concern due to its high morbidity, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, and mortality from 267 per 100,000 person-years. Up to now, medical therapy that successfully eradicates the hepatitis B virus is not available. Therapy is given in the long term for suppressing viral replication and disease progression. Nucleoside analog (NA) is a medication that is consumed orally once a day for years. Previous studies showed that patients who were treated with NA had a different quality of life (QoL) compared to naïve patients. This research aimed to analyze the QoL of chronic hepatitis B patients who consumed NA by comparing it with naïve patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya. Methods: Subjects were recruited consecutively from chronic hepatitis B patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya during 9 February – 31 May 2021. Data about sociodemographic characteristics, hepatitis B therapy history, and QoL were gained by using the SF-36 questionnaire and medical records. Subjects were divided into NA and naïve groups which responses underwent an analytical comparison. Results: NA group had significantly higher QoL in a physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS), with physical functioning (PF), role limitations due to physical health (RP), role limitations due to emotional problems (RM), energy/fatigue (VT), emotional well-being (MH), social functioning (SF), and general health perception (GH) subscales having p<0.05Conclusion: The QoL of patients who were treated with NA was significantly higher than that of naïve patients in terms of physical and mental components.
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