Hydrazine is a highly reactive inorganic compound that is commonly used as a thruster propellant in rocket fuels. In this report, the synthesis of a naphthofluorescein-based simple, sensitive, and selective colorimetric and fluorescent probe for the qualitative and quantitative determination of hydrazine is described. An ultrasensitive NIR probe is employed for the nanomolar detection of hydrazine with real-time applicability. The probe is capable of detecting hydrazine in a completely aqueous medium without the interference of other analytes. The probe reacts selectively with hydrazine and exhibits turn-on NIR emission with quantum yields ranging from Φ = 0.0011 to Φ = 0.5338. This enables the probe to selectively detect extremely low concentrations of hydrazine (∼47 nM). As a consequence, practical utility of the probe is greatly augmented. Eco-friendly test strips were prepared to monitor the hydrazine under aqueous and vapor phases. The potential of the probe was verified by monitoring the presence of hydrazine in a living system by fluorescence bioimaging studies of living cells.
A triple action chemosensor (R1) bearing a rhodamine and thiophene moiety was synthesized by a simple condensation reaction. The sensing behaviour and selectivity of the synthesized chemosensor toward metal ions were studied by UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The chemosensor recognized Cu and Cr ions with significant changes in UV-Vis absorbance and fluorescence intensity. The results showed that Cr induced greater fluorescence enhancement whereas Cu ions bound strongly with the receptor by showing a strong absorption band at 554 nm but with weak fluorescence. A visible colour change was observed by the addition of Cu and that colour change is due to the opening of the spirolactam ring triggered by the addition of Cu ions. Job's plot analysis indicated a 1 : 2 and 1 : 1 binding stoichiometry between the chemosensor and Cr/Cu. Subsequently, the R1 - Cu complex chemosensor was employed to detect CN in the presence of different anions, such as F, Cl, Br, I, AcO, HPO, HSO, NO and OH. In addition, the live cell imaging of HeLa cells using R1 and Cr was demonstrated successfully.
Detection of chemical warfare agents (CWA) by simple and rapid methods with real-sample applications are quite inevitable in order to ease the threats to living systems caused by uncertain terror attacks and wars. Herein we have developed the first far-red to near infra-red (NIR) probe based on a covalent assembly approach for the detection of trace amounts of nerve agent mimic diethyl chloro phosphate (DCP) in soil and their fluorescent bio imaging in live cells. The probe features abrupt fluorescence turn on sensing of DCP with fluorescence quantum yield Φ = 0.622. It senses DCP selectively over other analytes in excellent sensitivity with a detection limit of 6.9 nM. In real time, the probe treated strips were employed to detect the DCP vapor effectively with eye catching fluorescence response. The presence of trace amounts of these acute warfare agents in the environment were monitored by soil analysis. Further fluorescent bio imaging was carried out to monitor trace level DCP in living cells using the HeLa cell line.
Colorimetric and fluorescent probes
have received a lot of attention
for detecting lethal analytes in realistic systems and in living things.
Herein, a dual-approachable Benzo-hemicyaninebased red-emitting fluorescent
probe PBiSMe, for distinct and instantaneous detection of CN– and HS– was synthesized. The PBiSMe emitted red
fluorescence (570 nm) can switch to turn-off (570 nm) and blue fluorescence
(465 nm) in response to CN– and HS–, respectively. Other nucleophilic reagents, such as reactive sulfur
species (RSS) and anions, have no contact or interference with the
probe; instead, a unique approach is undertaken to exclusively interact
with CN– and HS– over a wide pH
range. The measured detection limits for CN– (0.43
μM) and HS– (0.22 μM) ions are lower
than the World Health Organization’s (WHO) recommended levels
in drinking water. We confirmed 1:1 stoichiometry ratio using Job’s
plot and observed good quantum yield for both analytes. The probe-coated
paper strips were used to detect the H2S gas produced by
food spoilage (such as eggs, raw meat, and fish) via an eye-catching
visual response. Moreover, fluorescence bioimaging studies of living
cells was done to confirm the probe’s potential by monitoring
the presence of CN– and HS– in
a living system.
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