The model of an entity that makes decision and acts in accordance with the established rules or contrary to them, participating in creation or changing of rules. All of that is a starting point for the analysis of economic processes and phenomena that are determined by the initiator of economic development -by a person. However, each generation brings its own features to economic behavior model and has its own characteristics. In this paper, the authors highlight the consequences of generation civilizational change within the framework of the digital society formation, determine the features of formation and development of the modern generation from the theoretical point of view of N. Howe and T. Strauss. Based on the data of large-scale sociological studies conducted in 2016 by Sberbank of Russia and the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center and MAGRAM Market Research with PBN Hill KnowltonStrategies international communications agency, the features of the digital culture influence on the social model of Generation Z behavior and the problems of its formation at the present stage are determined. An emphasis is placed on its specificity and uniqueness. 4 main features of economic model of Generation Z behavior that are developed in Russia are stated and the risks associated with these features are described.
In conditions of self-repayment and self-financing, the profit maximization and production efficiency increase become the main aim of enterprises. Under the impact of deflationary conditions and many other reasons, the prices fixation at a certain level is necessary for the maintenance of the effectual demand and supply. In this case, the effective system of production costs management becomes necessary for the maintenance of profitability level and reaching the high indicators of enterprise operations. The forecasting of leading economic indicators is an important operations direction of any sphere in modern economic conditions. The aim of this article is to research the impact of costs on the economic phenomena of enterprises of processing sphere and give the opportunity for their optimization. The theoretic, methodical, and application issues relating to the management of costs and their optimization at enterprises of processing sphere are the goal of the research. Methodology. In the article writing, the following methods were used: abstract-logical, monographic, economic and mathematical. Results. The enterprise costs are not only an indicator of its profitability determination, and an indicator, with the help of which there is a possibility to determine the enterprise's development level as well. It is stated that the basic mechanism of processing industry enterprises operation is a management system, and the costs management is one of the main functions of it. The development of measures for the production costs decrease is the main element of the costs management system at the enterprise. The search for suppliers of the reliable operating resources; manufactured products variety improvement; labour organization and selling improvement; labour efficiency increase; maximum involvement of additional income and available assets (lease of areas, not currently used by the business entity that will result in additional income and, thus, reduce the cost of maintenance of these premises or equipment); permanent control over the enterprise's costs; increase of efficiency of internal costs management, basing the timely and qualitative analysis are used for the purpose of optimization of the operational costs at enterprises of processing industry. Practical implications. The multicriteria optimization model of enterprise costs has been developed for the costs management at the enterprises of the processing industry. Its essence is to find the optimal plan for the production of sausage products and the volume of renewal of production resources in the conditions of limitation of production costs. The implementation of this model consists from three stages: 1) the volumes of production of sausage products, subject to search, are determined by the variables, with dual indexation; 2) the restrictions for the created model are determined; 3) the target functions of the created model are determined. Value/originally. The optimization of production costs and management of the output plan of the meat processing and packing pl...
Purpose The study of the problems hindering improvement of the system of training through standardization of qualification requirements is relevant because, in a globalized system of teaching staff and high rates of migration, not only national but also international requirements for employees should be considered. This increases the competitiveness of university and college graduates in different countries. The purpose of this paper is to develop recommendations for the creation of a system of lifelong learning through the application of professional standards. Design/methodology/approach The leading method in the study of this problem is the comparative analysis of the experiences of different countries to improve the training system based on the use of qualification frameworks. Findings The paper offers science-based measures of integration and the international experience of lifelong learning, through the application of standards of World Skills International, as well as the requirements of professional standards. Originality/value The authors formulate the conceptual directions for the application of professional standards in not only the continuous training and qualification of personnel, which allows identifying “gaps” in the competences, but also building individual educational trajectory. Article submissions are of practical value to the organization, personnel training as well as scientists engaged in the study of international best practice using standardization requirements for the qualification of personnel in education.
Existing approaches to the analysis of countries economic integration processes in international practice are investigated in the paper. Evaluating methodology of the long-term integration processes in the electric power sector is offered for the EAEU countries in three scenarios: High, low and medium, based on the synergy of various economic and mathematical methods. The actual methodology is formed in accordance with special macroeconomic scenario conditions and includes the final energy consumption forecast with division by the types of energy sources in the context of consumers categories of the EAEU countries based on generated scenario conditions using econometric methods (growth curves, Cobb-Douglas production function, regression analysis, simulation methods), as well as the development forecast of electric power industry concerning the EAEU countries reasoning from perspective dynamics of generating capacities of these countries. Project growth of electric power sector development founded on suggested method was made for the EAEU countries for the period of 2018-2040, specifically, electricity consumption projection, electricity consumption increasing, as well as capacity increasing of NPGS, HEP and RER in these countries. The necessity of further efforts to develop the common electric power market in the EAEU countries in order to obtain possible long-term integration effects are emphasized.
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