Plants always interact with microorganisms either negatively or positively during their life cycle. The Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) group is one example that has some beneficial effects on the plant. PSB can transform insoluble soil inorganic phosphates into soluble phosphorous so plants can absorb them. This research aimed to test the isolate's ability to solubilize phosphorous and use the 16S rRNA marker gene to identify it. Testing the ability of bacteria to solubilize phosphorous on Pikovskaya's agar medium used a qualitative method by observing the halo zone in the colony around it. Then the bacterial isolate was identified by analyzing the result of sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. The RZ02 bacterial isolate showed the highest performance in solubilizing phosphorous, with a 9.1 mm solubilization index. The gene of 16S rRNA was carried out by using primers 27F and 1492R with an amplicon size of 1500 base pairs. Sequencing analysis and construction of a phylogeny tree were conducted by the Mega X neighbor-joining method and showed 100% similarity with Pseudomonas aeruginosa OIS 481. The solubilization index indicated that the bacteria had a potential candidate to be one of the inoculant components for biofertilizer.
Fusarium wilt disease on banana has been known as panama disease one of the main diseases that cause huge losses for banana farmers. It is caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense (Foc), which is very hard control because it is saprophytic in the soil. The mold infiltrates the root to vascular tissue that induces yellowing on the leaf, so this pathogen can attack the root, stem dan leaf. The research aimed to search bacteria from the banana rhizosphere that have an antifungal activity to inhibit Foc growth. Bacteria was isolated by serial dilution then was spread on King’s B agar medium incubation 28oC (room temperature). Four quadrants in vitro test on PDA medium used twenty bacterial from isolation, from the test was obtained six isolates have the potential to inhibit the growth of Foc. Based on percentage inhibition radial growth four isolates that have inhibition 50% over which TR2 was the highest at 79.07%. The in vitro test confirmed that bacteria from the banana rhizosphere have potential as biocontrol agent because it was able to inhibit the Foc growth.
This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of coconut water and onion extract on the growth of stevia plant cuttings. The research was conducted in Juli until November 2019 in trial garden of the Politeknik Wilmar Bisnis Indonesia. This research uses factorial randomized block design. The first factors are concentration of coconut water consisting of five levels is AK0 = control, AK1 = coconut water 25%, AK2 = coconut water 50%, AK3 = coconut water 75% and AK4 = coconut water 100%. The second factor was the treatment of onion extract consisting of five treatments namely BM0 = control, BM1 = concentration of onion extract 25%, BM2 = concentration of onion extract 50%, BM3 = concentration of onion extract 75% and BM4 = concentration of onion extract 100%. Observation of the percentage of live cuttings, stem height, number of leaves and root length was done at 2 MST, 3 MST and 4 MST. The highest percentage of cuttings found in plants treated with 100% coconut water and onion extract, the highest plant height was found in the treatment of 100% concentration of coconut water and onion extract (3 MST and 4 MST), the highest number of leaves found in the treatment 100% concentration of coconut water and shallot extract (3 MST) and the highest root length was found in the treatment of 100% concentration of coconut water and shallot extract (2 MST, 3 MST and 4 MST).
ABSTRAK: Kota Simalungun memiliki ekosistem Sungai yang sangat luas. Ekosistem ini dikelilingi oleh berbagai industri dan besar kemungkinan membuang limbahnya ke Sungai. Hal ini dapat berdampak pada keanekaragaman makhluk hidup di dalam perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman makrozoobentos sebagai indikator kualitas perairan. Metode purposive random sampling digunakan untuk menentukan 4 stasiun pengambilan sampel. Sampel diambil sebanyak 3 kali dengan selang waktu 2 minggu. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Indeks keanekaragaman. Hasil penelitian menemukan filum Annelida, Arthropoda, dan Moluska yang terbagi dalam 20 genus. Genus Cyrnellus memiliki nilai kepadatan tertinggi pada lokasi pembuangan limbah pabrik rokok yaitu 87,40 ind/m 2 . Indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi terdapat di lokasi pembuangan limbah pabrik es dan indeks keseragaman tertinggi terdapat di lokasi bebas aktivitas manusia. Faktor fisik kimia memiliki korelasi yang kuat terhadap keanekaragaman makrozoobentos.Kata Kunci: Keanekaragaman, Makrozoobentos. ABSTRACT: Simalungun City has a very wide river ecosystem. This ecosystem is surrounded by a variety of industries and is likely to dump its waste into rivers. This can have an impact on the diversity of living things in the waters.This study aims to determine the diversity of macrozoobenthos as an indicator of water quality. The purposive random sampling method was used to determine 4 sampling stations. Samples were taken 3 times with an interval of 2 weeks. Data were then analyzed using a diversity index. The results found that the phylum Annelids, Arthropods, and Mollusks are divided into 20 genera. Cyrnellus genus has the highest density value at the cigarette factory waste disposal site that is 87.40 ind / m2. The highest diversity index is found in ice plant waste disposal sites and the highest uniformity index is found in locations free of human activity. Physical chemical factors have a strong correlation with macrozoobenthos diversity.
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