Economic and environmental problems are closely related, and solving some of them, the others cannot be solved. The state of the environment directly forms the potential of the economic sphere. For example, resources for industrial enterprises are formed in the natural environment, and the capacity of plants and factories depends on resources’ quantity. The amount of money to be spent on the purchase and installation of treatment plants, on the measures to eliminate water, air and soil pollution, depends upon the profit. Each country has its own list of environmental problems related to the economy. They are engaged in their elimination at the state level, but first of all the responsibility for the consequences is the burden of companies’ management. The active development of the economy should not adversely affect the state of the environment. Both individual enterprises and whole states should control the economic and environmental situation in order to achieve a balance and solve global problems. The most important form of interaction between the state and business in solving economic-and-environmental problems is the introduction of zero waste technologies in all their diversity and achieving their multiplicative effect. The paper shows the relationship between environmentally-oriented innovative development of the economy and the introduction of zero waste technologies.
Abstract. Historically, the process of economic and technological development the was caused by both extensive and intensive use of natural resources, in which, in general, the ecological principles of development were not taken into account. By the beginning of the 1970s, the need for a fundamental change in the activities of primary production and business units became evident, which is explained by two factors: environmental awareness of the public and activation of the preparation of market mechanisms for the adaptation of socio-ecological attitudes At the turn of the 1990s, ideas of this kind were no longer popular. On the contrary, today the modern forms of scientific and technological development should be considered in the context of adequate "work" of market relations, creating prerequisites for a "balanced relationship" between productive, economic, social activities and the preservation of the natural environment.
The content, boundaries, development vector and expected results of the sustainable development policy today rightfully belong to one of the most debated issues in the scientific community. The imperative of solving the critical problem of replacing the dominant world order based on the extraction of mineral raw materials carries the risk of increasing economic isolationism. This threatens to eliminate the economics of extracting products from technological production chains that meet the needs of modern consumers around the world, and the loss of technological identity of the industry. For the transition of an economy with a developed commodity sector to the path of sustainable development, modernization of industry on a new technological basis is required and saturation of the domestic market with environmentally friendly production requires, on the one hand, the import of technologies, and on the other, significant “environmental technologies connected” investments. Therefore, sustainable development should be both a goal and, at the same time, the result of a new industrialization of the economy, cannot set itself the goal of enhancing isolation from the global raw materials market.
The development of information and cognitive technologies began with the advent of electronic computers. Today, with progress in the fields of grid computing and robotics, most of the tasks of electronic computers are able to solve without human assistance, thereby forming artificial intelligence. Robots and computers can not only perform a range of routine physical activities more efficiently and at lower cost than humans, but today they are also increasingly capable of performing activities that include cognitive abilities that were previously considered too difficult to automate, for example, the acceptance of tacit judgments, the perception of emotions. This predetermines the neo-industrial role of the convergence of information and cognitive technologies, which should form a platform for neo-industrial development. The latter is possible with the accelerated diffusion of convergent technologies in industry, in which they must replace production technologies that have reached their limit. Such a technological transition should be based not on the branch, but on the supra-branch principle of structural genesis. In its turn, to do this, it is necessary to take into account both the benefits and risks of neo-industrial modernization of industry based on convergent technologies. This is the social effect of information-and-convergent neo-industrialization.
Ensuring the sustainable development of a country or a single territory is a complex task, the main role in the implementation of which is the timely receipt of financial resources. This allows for the implementation of innovative economic and environmental policies aimed at diversification and ecologization of the regional economy, including a reduction in the negative impact on the environment, the introduction of new technologies at enterprises, the strengthening of environmental expertise and the consideration of the environmental factor in making managerial decisions, population and other activities. The regions became able to pursue an environmental policy only in the conditions of boosting the innovative activity in the leading industries. Together with the consolidation of environmental funds, this must be the main reason for efficient financing of environmental policy. So ecologization of industrial region economy means environmentalization of its economic development.
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