Introduction: Depression is a mental disorder associated with biological, environmental and psychological factors. Depression is estimated to be a disease that requires the second largest expense on treatment. Chronic stress will reduce serotonin activity and storage and also stimulate the adrenal cortex to release cortisol and other glucocorticoid hormones. Nutritional intake such as carbohydrates and protein also plays a role in depression with various mechanisms. The study aims to investigate the role of psychosocial stressors, carbohydrate and protein intake on serum cortisol and serotonin levels in patients with depressionMethods: The study used an analytic observational approach with a cross sectional design. Subjects were selected by consecutive sampling and were asked to fill out the general characteristics questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) - II to determine depression levels, Holmes Rahe scale to measure psychosocial stressors, food frequency questionnaires to measure carbohydrate and protein intake. Subjects who met the inclusion criteria were taken blood samples to measure the cortisol and serotonin levels.Result: Of the 79 subjects, 57 (72%) women and 22 (28%) men with an average age of 43 ± 3 years. A total of 64 (81%) subjects were with mild psychosocial stressors and 5 (6%) were severe. Psychosocial stressor were not significantly correlated with either serotonin (p=0.479), nor cortisol level (p=0.625) Carbohydrate were not significantly correlated with serotonin level (p=0.628) and cortisol level (p=0.252). Protein was not significantly correlated with serotonin level (p=0.688) and cortisol level (p=0.110).Conclusion: There was no correlation between psychosocial stressors, carbohydrate and protein intake with serum cortisol and serotonin levels in depressed patients.
Background: Low zinc levels affects the relationship between the glutamatergic and serotonergic systems in major depressive disorders that cause stress and inflammation. Decreased zinc in the hippocampus can activates the HPA axis associated with an increase in cortisol. Several studies documented the relationship between zinc and clinical depression, however further research including biological measurements is needed to support these studies.Objective: To observe the correlation between zinc intake with serotonin and cortisol serum in patient with depressionMethods: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. Subjects were patients with depression who came to Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Tugurejo Hospital, Diponegoro National Hospital and Permata Medika Hospital met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to assess daily zinc intake. The levels of serum serotonin and cortisol were measured using ELISA technique.Results: Of the 53 subjects, there was significant correlation between zinc intake with serotonin serum level (p=0,038), however there was no correlation between zinc intake with cortisol serum level (p=0,845)Conclusion: The higher zinc intake the higher serotonin serum level, however there was no correlation between zinc intake with cortisol serum level in patients with depression.
Background: Nurses are one of the first-line fighters who treat Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. They are prone to stress, anxiety, and sleep disturbances that can interfere with nurses providing medical services. Although some clinical research has established sleep quality and quality of life, the comparisons of sleep quality, quality of life, and each domain of quality of life for nurses who work in isolation and non-isolation wards is not well knownObjective: This study examines the correlation between sleep quality and quality of life amongst Dr. Kariadi General Hospital nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This quantitative study uses a cross-sectional approach. 51 nurses who worked in the Rajawali rooms in the isolation and non-isolation wards for COVID-19 at Dr. Kariadi Semarang were included by the consecutive sampling method. The instrument used are the sociodemographic questionnaire, The PSQI, and The WHOQOL-BREF Indonesian versions. Bivariate analysis was analyzed using the Spearman testResults: There was a correlation between sleep quality and the quality of life of nurses (p=0.020,r= -0.325). There was a difference between the sleep quality of nurses who work in isolation and non-isolation wards (p=0.03). There was no difference between the quality of life of nurses who work in isolation and non-isolation wards (p = 0.698).Conclusion: There is significant correlation between nurses’ sleep quality and their quality of life. There’s bad quality of life for nurses who worked inward isolation so further examination and periodic screening are needed to optimize their care.
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