Investment in construction projects is a rather complex process. The customer of construction product, as a rule, is also its investor and for him the systematization of information about the construction process is a necessity. Construction investment control (CIC) is an integral part of the building construction process. Such control is a separate service that is necessary for the customer to objectively understand the installed work volumes and forecast deadlines. Completed construction and installation works are confirmed by acts of acceptance of the completed works, which are subsequently the basis for payment for the work done. In this paper, we developed a methodology for managing investments in construction, as well as their control using modern BIM technologies. The effectiveness of using 3D modelling in investment control was demonstrated on the example of a residential complex. In addition, the volume of work obtained from the 3D-model was compared with the volume of work calculated manually. As a result, the exact amount of work and schedules for forecasting investment of funds were obtained.
Nowdays, when people build any building or structures, they almost always use timber elements. Such structures can be found in ceilings, in coverings, beams, trusses, partitions, walls and even in enclosing structures. Wood is of particular interest in modern construction, in times of special attention to energy efficiency, as renewable material for 100 %. Many European countries are puzzled by the widespread use of renewable materials in the construction process, the Russian Federation also seeks to improve the energy efficiency of structures and materials, while not neglecting the bearing capacity and durability of structures. There is a special attention is paid to glued laminated timber constructions in this article. They are gaining momentum in the construction of many structures, including large-span sports and entertainment facilities, such as indoor stadiums, sports complexes, swimming pools, indoor concert halls and playgrounds and also shopping malls. Advantages and disadvantages of using such material in the construction of large-span structures were considered in this work. In addition, there were analyzed possibilities of using such constructions instead of metal structures. A comparative table of the properties of glued laminated timber and ordinary timber and comparative table of glued laminated timber and steel structures are given in work.
This paper is dedicated to the analytical review of the historical evolution and the contemporary state of steel-concrete composite constructions, their advantages and disadvantages, a brief review of the specifics of methods for calculating and studies of steel-concrete composite constructions. The main goal of the research is to give a justified assessment of the actual situation of the steel-concrete composite constructions in modern construction. To achieve this goal the analysis of the object of research was used. Based on the results of the conducted research and study of literature and regulatory documents it is possible to draw the main conclusion about the prospects of using steel-concrete composite constructions for Russia due to the high efficiency of structures made of this material. In Russia the regulatory framework in the field of steel-concrete composite constructions is gradually expanding, and it creates the prerequisites for their wider application.
Introduction. Pultruded fiberglass can be called the material of the future due to its properties — high strength, low weight, resistance to aggressive environment. Important aspects for the development of composite materials are surface treatment methods and methods of connecting structural elements. Glue compound has proven itself as the most effective, but there remains a need to conduct studies of its durability. The method of accelerated cyclic thermal tests allows to determine the expected changes in the strength of adhesive bonding in a short time. Materials and methods. Samples, which are three glued plates of SPPS fiberglass construction, were processed in a climate chamber and after each cycle they were tested on a GRM-1 machine. One climatic test cycle included being in a chamber with high humidity and temperature and then moving into the cold chamber. The specimens were tested prior to spalling, and the resulting disruptive stresses were recorded. The last test cycle corresponded to five years of operation of the structure. Results. The tests of the samples showed a significant change in the characteristics of the compounds over time. In the first two years of operation, a decrease in strength of 25 % is expected. The last characteristic test point, corresponding to five years, showed a drop to 60 % of the initial characteristics. Conclusions. The results should be considered at the design stage of supporting structures that are not protected from contact with the external environment. The factors of strength reduction after 100 years may be included in the regulatory documents for the calculation of especially important structures.
The article describes how to transform the time-consuming process of selecting design solutions for parking spaces according to regulatory requirements and terms of reference by building information modelling (BIM). The main purpose of the work is to determine the possibility of applying a generative approach to the parking lot design by creating an optimization model of variant design. The process of selecting design solutions for parking is considered by using mathematical modeling and multi-criteria optimization. A mathematical description of finding the optimal solution on the region of admissible ratios is obtained both between the two types of parking spaces required by regulatory documents (type 1-Standard, with dimensions of 5.3 × 2.5 meters; type 2 - for People with Limited Mobility (PLM), with dimensions of 6.0 × 3.6 meters) and between the occupied area and the total number of parking spaces. The optimization model of choosing design solutions for parking lot helps a design engineer to adapt changes in requirements for defining admissible options for space-planning solutions. The study proves that the task of choosing admissible and optimal solutions for the parking lot, depending on the set of conditions, can be performed by using algorithms, and, consequently, by using computer-aided design in BIM. The proposed approach to parking lot design allows the project organization to coordinate the initial conditions and solutions between the project participants and related departments, and also serves as the basis for solving subsequent design tasks, such as determining the economic efficiency, the safety of the parking project, and others.
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