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Purpose of Review Previous studies have explored the links between problematic Internet use (PIU) or problematic smartphone use (PSU) and quality of life (QOL). In this systematic review, we (i) describe the instruments used to assess QOL or health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in these studies, (ii) critically examine the content validity of the instruments used, and (iii) examine the relationships between PIU, PSU, QOL, and HRQOL. Recent Findings We identified 17 PIU and 11 PSU studies in a systematic search. Evidence suggests that PIU and PSU negatively correlate with either QOL or HQOL and most of their domains (especially mental and physical health). Multiple instruments were used to assess QOL or HRQOL in these studies. Our analysis showed an important heterogeneity in the domains covered by these instruments. Summary Because of the widespread prevalence of PIU and PSU, which tend to be linked with lower QOL or HRQOL, in particular poor mental and physical health, a more systematic public health campaign is required to target the healthy use of these communication devices. Prevention programs should also target vulnerable individuals, focusing on the most affected domains of QOL and HRQOL (i.e., physical and psychological health). Among the existing instruments, the World Health Organization Quality of Life for adults and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for adolescents (aged 13–18 years) proved to be the most relevant, although new measurement instruments are needed to target domains that are specifically relevant in the context of PIU and PSU (e.g., physical and psychological health domains such as sleep, loneliness, and quality of familial relations).

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Divorce is a phenomenon that affects not only the mental health of couples but also the psychological health of children. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to compare experiential avoidance, sensation seeking, game addiction, and aggression in teenagers of divorced and non-divorced families. The method of this study was causal-comparative. The statistical population of the study included all teenagers from divorced families and ordinary teenagers (teenagers in non-divorced families) in the first grade of high school in the academic year of 2017 - 2018 in Shiraz. The sample included 100 teenagers of divorced families and 100 ordinary teenagers in Shiraz who were selected by the purposing sampling method. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between experiential avoidance, sensation seeking, game addiction, and aggression in divorced and ordinary teenagers (P-value < 0.001). Teenagers with divorced parents have more experimental avoidance, sensation seeking, addiction to computer games, and aggression than ordinary teenagers. To improve these components, it is necessary to use treatments related to the components such as treatments of the third wave of psychology (i.e. treatment of mindfulness and positive psychotherapy).

One of the required tools in family-related studies is the maternal role acceptance questionnaire. The current wealth of knowledge in this regard shows that most of the family-related questionnaires have not specifically addressed the role of mothering or acceptance of this role, and no questionnaire is available on this subject. Therefore, the need for a psychometric assessment of motherhood acceptance is useful and essential. The purpose of the research was to identify the psychometric traits of the motherhood acceptance scale and its relationship with psychological capital. The sample of this study consisted of 1735 married women aged between 18 and 40 years in Isfahan who were selected based on virtual snowball sampling. They responded to a researcher-made questionnaire on the acceptance of a mother role whose content validity was confirmed by experts and psychologists. The tool of this research is the Luthans Psychological Capital Inventory (2007), which consists of 24 questions and 4 subscales. The results showed that Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.87 and for each of the five components of the scale: individual interaction, social and emotional support, individual attitudes, beliefs and values, and individual characteristics were 0.63, 0.64, 0.70, 0.49, and 0.71, respectively, which indicates the high reliability of the test made by the researcher for motherhood role acceptance scale.