Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is known to be a common respiratory and/or cardiovascular complication in hospitalized patients with viral infections. Numerous studies have proven human immunodeficiency virus infection to be a prothrombotic condition. An elevated VTE risk has been observed in critically ill H1N1 influenza patients. VTE risk is remarkably higher in patients infected with the Hepatitis C virus in contrast to uninfected subjects. The elevation of D‐dimer levels supported the association between Chikungunya and the Zika virus and the rise of clinical VTE risk. Varicella‐zoster virus is a risk factor for both cellulitis and the consequent invasive bacterial disease which may take part in thrombotic initiation. Eventually, hospitalized patients infected with the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19), the cause of the ongoing worldwide pandemic, could mainly suffer from an anomalous risk of coagulation activation with enhanced venous thrombosis events and poor quality clinical course. Although the risk of VTE in nonhospitalized COVID‐19 patients is not known yet, there are a large number of guidelines and studies on thromboprophylaxis administration for COVID‐19 cases. This study aims to take a detailed look at the effect of viral diseases on VTE, the epidemiology of VTE in viral diseases, and the diagnosis and treatment of VTE.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) occurs in the lymphatic system because of lymphocytes tumor. This type of tumor has a high death rate among patients. In recent years, a lot of progress has been made based on under-standing its exact biology; several treatment methods have been developed. Many patients are cured by a combination of different chemotherapies, despite their toxic effects. In recent years, despite various studies on monoclonal antibodies for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, there have been no narrative articles in this field. Therefore, combining monoclonal antibodies with chemotherapy is successful as they reduce the toxic side effects of chemotherapies. These antibodies can target specific cellular pathways of the immune system lead-ing to limitation of cancer progression. In this article, various types of monoclonal antibodies, their underly-ing mechanisms of action, as well as their effects on patients with different phases and types of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma have been reviewed for a better understanding.