Empirical evidence shows that the growing number of business excellence in the contemporary business environment is attributed to the leadership competencies. The frameworks of ethical leadership embody the need to engage the precincts of psychological empowerment with regard to influencing the organizational performance and the moral identity of employees. This study examines the influence that ethical leadership behavior has on the performance, efficiency and productivity of employees. Based on existing literatures and best practices, the study will address the interplay between ethical leadership with competencies, determination, job satisfaction and motivation in addressing the theoretical contributions of ethical leadership on the performance of the organization, practical implication and recommendations son future research.

This research paper seeks to investigate the cloud computing opportunities, challenges, and service models for e-government in the Middle East. For more than ten years now, the Internet alongside its correlated Web 2.0 applications have become instrumental to both businesses and consumers as it improves the day to day processes, communication and flow of information both within and with government institutions. A number of e-government services being utilized globally offer societies with comparatively sophisticated applications and services. To this end, government can even improve their web services on offer with the institution of a fiber-based broadband network. As it will be discussed herein, many governments in Middle East have identified the significance of IT in improving and sustaining their economy. The paper will introduce the topic and an overview of cloud computing in the Middle East, followed by the methodology. The literature review part will investigate the many researches done by other authors on the same topic. The facts gathered will then be analyzed and comparison done between Europe and Middle East with regards to the use of cloud computing for e-government before the conclusion and recommendation offered.

This study aimed to identify the "The Impact of organizational culture on the adoption of e-management" in the Public Authority for Applied Education and training (PAAET).The researcher used the descriptive analytical method, and collected primary data by a questionnaire, A (350) questionnaire distributed to employees dealing with the e-management in (PAAET), the Response was (300) , and after examining the questionnaires (20) were excluded because of giving non-fulfillment of the conditions required to answer. Study concluded numbers of results:a) There are significant statistical positive correlation between the elements of an organizational cultural as (organizational values, organizational beliefs, organizational norms, and organizational expectations) and the adoption of e-Management. b) The The employee can not make decisions within the culture of centralization in PAAET without reference to his immediate supervisor, even with the use of the framework of e-governance. c) The management does not care or work on motivate staff for excellence in structuring and dissemination of e-Management in the PAAET. d) The organazation culture is efected the staff participated in development e-management program.

The aim of this study is to identify the causes of organizational conflict from the point of view of auditors working in the Public Institution for Social Insurance, and their relationship to role ambiguity, organizational climate, work pressures and the commitment of senior management to support and endorse the policies and decisions aimed at developing work and achieving the organizational objectives. A questionnaire has been designed for this purpose, and a suitable sample consisting of seventy-five participants in the total study population has been selected. Following this research descriptive approach causal, as a sampling method was probabilistic, and four hypotheses are included in this study. The first hypothesis is: There is no significant relationship between the lack of clarity of the powers and responsibilities (role ambiguity) and the occurrence of organizational conflict from the viewpoint of the auditors at the Public Institution for Social Insurance. The study results showed a high level of organizational conflict in the Public Institution for Social Insurance from the viewpoint of the auditors in the organization, and the existence of a significant effect for the role of ambiguity, work pressures and the commitment of senior management in an organizational conflict. The results showed a high level of work stress in the sample. The study recommended the importance of increasing the awareness of employees in the organization to the phenomenon of organizational conflict, in order to deal with the issue in a rational way. The study also highlighted the importance of striving to reduce the impact of some of the causes of organizational conflict, especially those related to work pressures, in addition to salaries and bonuses.

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