Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of resistance exercise with three different methods on integrated electromyography (IEMG) and metabolic responses in recreational athletes.Methods: Twenty four males (mean 23.59±0.87 years) were randomly assigned to three experimental groups. Participants performed knee extension exercises: Slow (SL: 3-3, 3s for each concentric and eccentric action with 50% of 1 RM), Normal (NH: 1-1, 1 s for each concentric and eccentric action 80% of 1 RM) and Traditional (TH: 2-4, 2s for concentric and 4s for eccentric action with 80% of 1 RM). Plasma lactate, glucose and triglyceride concentration and IEMG was measured before and immediately after performing four sets of resistance exercise. Results: Each method significantly decreased IEMG (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups. Lactate was increased following TH and NH more than SL method (P<0.05). Each method significantly increased plasma glucose (P<0.05). Work considering time under tension (work TUT ) was higher (P<0.05) during TH method than the other methods and during SL it was higher than NH method (P<0.05). Volume load was higher (P<0.05) during NH than the other two methods and during TH it was higher than SL method (P<0.05). Conclusion:These results indicate that exercise intensity during the resistance exercise is important for the enhancement of lactate responses, but the slow resistance exercise method could induce acute neuromuscular response as much as high intensity methods. It seems that this method will be advantageous for those who want to increase acute neuromuscular changes with low exercise intensity and volume.
Any disorders of the respiratory system caused a decrease in overall functioning of the body and disturb the body's oxygen supply system. Regular physical activity can improve the function of the respiratory system. On the other hand, physical activity has been considered as a cause of bronchospasm and athletes in training and competition needs to put together the upper respiratory tract congestion, reduces the capacity of athletic activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the respiratory tract congestion is caused by the exercise of rowing national team. To study investigating 20 cases of rowers rowing and kayak national team of Iran (height: 182 ± 4.2, Weight: 80.04 ± 5.6% Body fat 11/3 ± 1.5, VO2max: 62.2 ± 2.4) at least 5 years as a professional sport, and they were selected purposefully. In this study, the test boat was a 2000 m ergometer test. Before the activity, baseline spirometers test was performed, and again immediately after exercise, 5 and 30 minutes after exercise testing, spirometers was performed. The results show that the changes in respiratory parameters between these two disciplines, there is no significant difference and the results showed that all indicators showed significant changes in kayak (p <0.05), but in rowing only significant change to create a variable force vital capacity, no sign of exercise-induced asthma percentage change in exercise does not show. Exercise can affect the respiratory parameters and Asthma intensity physical exercise is most affected. Higher or lower aerobic fitness athletes have exercise-induced asthma.
During the past three decades there have been tremendous efforts on building steel factories on economic scales. The primary question is to find an economic scale for such plants which could also meet domestic demand. In this paper, we perform an empirical survey to find out whether building small steel factories are more suitable or setting up giant steel industries to meet regional demands. The results indicate that in many countries, building small steel plants based on the recent advances of technologies not only reduces the total cost of steel production but also it could significantly reduce the unnecessary transportation cost, providing cheaper labor, etc. This would lead to better competition which would increase the productivity.
Physical activity is a non-pharmacological way to prevent or treat disorders like type 2-diabete, obesity and hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate The Effect of Acute Slow Resistance exercise on post-exercise blood pressure in active normotensive male recreational athlete. For this, Twelve recreationally active men were recruited, Brachial systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate were measured Immediately before (pre) and after(post) and approximately15 min(post-15), 30 min (post-30) and 60 min (post-60) after each exercise bout. Three resistance exercise bouts were performed: a high-intensity bout (HI), a low-intensity bout (LI) and a slow low-intensity (SL) resistance exercise bout. In each bout, 6 whole body exercises including: leg press, knee flexion, knee extension, bench press, lat pull down and biceps curl were performed. The SPANOVA test with repeated measures was used to analyze data. Our results showed that Significant time effect for SBP, DBP, MAP and HR (P<0.05). High intensity bout caused more stimulation for HR and HI and SL bout caused PHE (post-exercise hypotension) for DBP and MBP similarly greater than LI bout (P<0.05). In our study all exercise bouts promote systolic and diastolic PEH in active normotensive subjects, while HI and SL exercise decreases DBP more than LI. perhaps Because SL method could promote PEH as much as HI method, although exercise intensity was lower in SL, it is recommended for people with special disabilities those who want to control hypertension with low exercise intensity and volume.
BACKGROUND: Physical training in patients with heart failure can affect hemodynamic, cardiac and angiogenesis parameters. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of traditional moderate-intensity rehabilitation training and interval training on some angiogenesis factors in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. METHODS: Thirty CABG patients (mean age±SD, 55±3 years) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or the control group. After the initial assessments, eligible patients in the experimental groups (HIIT and MICT) performed exercise training for 8 weeks, while the control group did not. Angiogenesis and angiostatic indices, including pro-adrenomedullin (pro-ADM), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and endostatin, were then measured. RESULTS: The results showed no significant difference between pro-ADM in the HIIT and MICT groups (P = 0.99), but a significant difference was found between MICT and the control group and between HIIT and the control group (P = 0.001). There is also no significant difference between the bFGF levels in the HIIT and MICT training groups (P = 1.00), but the changes in this factor between the training groups and the control group were significant (P = 0.001). There was a significant difference between the levels of endostatin in all three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Two methods of cardiac rehabilitation (HIIT and MICT) may be useful for the recovery of patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. This improvement manifested itself in changes in angiogenesis and angiostatic indices in this study. However, more extensive studies are needed to investigate the effects of these two types of rehabilitation programs on other indicators of angiogenesis and angiostatic.
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