This article summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific debate on determining innovative determinants for ensuring a country’s economic security. The article summarizes the scientific approaches to determining the country’s economic security’s essence and components. Based on the generalization of existing developments, a set of the most relevant indicators for the quantitative assessment of the state’s economic security was formed. It took into account budgetary, debt, investment, and other dimensions. All partial indicators of the formation of the integral indicator of the state’s economic security were normalized using the minimax method. Integration of partial indicators was carried out based on additive convolution. A set of indicators characterizing the state’s innovative potential was formed to determine innovative drivers and inhibitors of ensuring the state’s economic security. Determining the influence of innovative parameters on the state’s economic security was carried out using the PMG toolkit in the Stata 12/SE software product. It allowed formalizing innovative determinants affecting the state’s economic security in short- (up to 1 year) and long-term (over 1 year) perspectives. For those variables for which the existence of a long-term relationship was established, an in-depth study was conducted using distributional-lag modelling. It allowed identifying specific time lags in the lateness of the response of the integral indicator of the state’s economic security to the impact of innovative determinants. The research was conducted in 11 countries, including Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, and Ukraine. The time horizon of the study covers the period 2005-2020 (or the latest available period). The research results could be useful to scientists, state authorities, and local governments.
After COVID-19, financing for emerging nation reserves in renewable energy bases was deemed a crucial aspect of sustainable development. Investing in biogas energy plants can be highly beneficial for lowering the use of fossil fuels. Using a survey of shareholders, investors, biogas energy professionals, and active social media participants in Pakistan, this study evaluates the intentions of individual investors to invest in biogas energy plants. The primary purpose of this study is to increase investment intent for biogas energy projects following COVID-19. This study focuses on financing biogas energy plants in the post-COVID-19 era and evaluates the research’s assumptions using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The study employed the technique of purposive sampling to acquire data for this investigation. The results indicate that attitudes, perceived biogas energy benefits, perceived investment attitudes, and supervisory structure evaluations inspire one’s propensity to finance biogas vitality plant efforts. The study found a link between eco-friendly responsiveness, monetary benefits, and investors’ actions. The aspiration of investors to mark such reserves was set up to be unpretentious by their risk aversion. Conferring to the facts, evaluating the monitoring structure is the critical factor. The previous studies on investment behavior and other forms of pro-environmental intent and action yielded contradictory results. In addition, the regulatory environment was evaluated to see how the theory of planned behavior (TPB) affects financiers’ objectives to participate in biogas power plants. The consequences of the study indicate that feelings of pride and discernment of energy expansively affect people’s desire to invest in biogas plants. Biogas energy efficacy has little effect on investors’ decisions to invest in biogas energy plants. This study offers policymakers practical ideas on enhancing investments in biogas energy plants.
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