Competitiveness issues are comprehensively analysed by different researchers from various perspectives. Most frequently the concept of competitiveness is analysed from the production or service, company's, economic, urban, regional and national perspectives. However, the analysis and assessment of urban competitiveness is rather scarce (particularly among Lithuanian scientists). Many questions arise while analysing and assessing cities. One of the key questions is why manufacturing and services as well as other sectors flourish in certain urban areas and the population feels comfortable, whereas totally opposite tendencies are observed in other cities. What does the concept 'a competitive city' mean? What are the decisive factors, which determine urban competitiveness? In Lithuania strategic plans are developed, aiming to increase competitiveness of a city. Subnational authorities manage and control different factors and use levers determining competitiveness of individual factors. Nevertheless, the concept of urban competitiveness is not uniformly defined, and the factors that determine the competitiveness of a city are not unanimously identified. There has not been established a uniform urban competitiveness evaluation model. The article introduces methodological guidelines of the urban competitiveness assessment model, developed by the authors, based on the results of theoretical and empirical assessment. The type of the article: Research report.
Abstract. Lithuanian cities architecture politics development and strategic aims implementation are impossible without global integrated accomplishing systems of country management and official plan observation (monitoring, operative planning, consequence modelling). Important development strategy problem is rational resort of resources especially financial for the country needs. Solving these problems has to be reasoned with the country development strategy by adjusting long-term and short-term city economic development aims, when preparing and implementing developing complex programs for the most important city life areas. When realizing the country architecture strategic level aims, it is necessary to improve constantly city development department organizational-managerial structure by evaluating new functioning principles in democratic planning conditions, also e-autonomy, e-government conception and opportunities. Research of these problems is important for seeking natural, economic-social environment and country architecture harmony. It is necessary to give an appropriate working freedom for government workers and to raise their responsibility for decisions. Rational control system of making, taking and proceeding solutions is in need. It will make assumptions for responding operatively to raising problems and solving fast the most important national affairs and city economy development problems.Keywords: territorial sustainable development, public participation, complexity and integrated management of urban architecture development.
Conditioned by globalisation and constant change, higher education institutions (HEIs) are forced to pursue new instruments for quality assurance in higher education. States seem to pursue this aim by attempting to create an efficiently operating system of higher education that satisfies needs of diverse societal groups. Quality dimension is the most important element of efficient and effective higher education. From the perspective of a state, assessment and monitoring of quality are instruments for the management of processes of higher education. The article substantiates these statements using the evolution of the dimension of quality in the European and Lithuanian higher education in the course of the Bologna Process. The article also presents a benchmarking method and discusses its development and application tendencies in business organisations. Also, it looks at possibilities to apply this method in higher education. The main aim of this article is to explore benchmarking as an effective instrument for the improvement of performance quality in HEIs and complement the already implemented quality management systems. Another aim is to suggest this method to national agencies for quality assurance in higher education for monitoring and analysis of qualitative changes on the systematic level. The object of the article is the improvement of performance quality in HEIs. Benchmarking is proposed for the use in higher education on the institutional level as an instrument that complements presently introduced quality management systems in Lithuanian HEIs. This way, it will contribute to the formation of the culture of quality in higher education.
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Public-private partnership may cover various forms of partnership, viz. as the property of the private sector in the state of municipal activities or information and consultations between the public and private sectors, also as an unconventional method of public procurement when the public and private sectors enter into a long-term contract on the establishment of public infrastructure or the provision of public services. The most important thing in implementing PPP projects is to properly draw up the contract between the public and private partners, which should explicitly state all terms and conditions, undertakings and liabilities, evaluate risks, determine the payment mechanism and dispute settlement procedure, etc. In order to reduce any risk associated with such projects, a proper legal framework should be developed, which would provide liabilities and undertakings of both parties of the project (the private and public sectors), and more information should be disbursed as to how such projects are being implemented, what the structures of financing are, and what the benefit of such projects is.
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