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Abstract. Supply chain (SC) management aims to increase the overall profit through improvement of various activities and components. Many contradictions between parts and different levels of a SC have been identified in order to achieve overall objectives. Such shortfalls may result in decreased strength and competitiveness of the SC. This paper considers the main conflicts related to inventory, pricing and marketing costs in an unlimited three-echelon supply chain. Aimed at avoiding a profit decrease, the research focuses on finding an equilibrium between inventory, pricing and marketing cost of an unlimited three-echelon SC. On each level, the best leadership option with the greatest payoff is sought for between K retailer, M manufacturer and S supplier. According to Stackelberg non-cooperative game theory, each SC level can become a decision-making leader depending on the available negotiating power. Consequently, three leadership types are modelled on each level and the total SC profit is calculated and compared to ascertain the best option. The authors of the article found that transfer of leadership from a retailer to supplier results in reduction of the total profit. In addition, the research focused on the main effects of parameters used in leadership models. Finally, validation of the proposed model was examined by simulation and Arena software, which indicated that models based on a game theory were performed accurately.

A logistics centre is a center for all the companies which participate in activities related to transport and logistics in the broadest meaning. LCs provide collective equipment needed to develop these activities and have common services for the companies installed there. Together with the values of location and centrality a logistics centre provides quality service and effective selection of the most efficient means of transportation due to its truly multi‐modal transport possibilities.

This paper presents a method for assessing the financial viability of a new Freight village financed by private and public investments. The financial evaluation model constitutes four distinct phases, namely (a) site selection and traffic forecasts, (b) definition of services offered and corresponding dimensions, (c) estimation of investment and operation costs and (d) evaluation of investments. Furthermore, the model produces financing scenarios, based on combinations of public and private funds.

In a constantly changing environment, factors influencing creativity and approaches to evaluating them, considered controversial in the scientific literature and in practice, are also experiencing changes. Different authors evaluate and interpret factors affecting creativity differently. Consequently, the problem how to identify and evaluate which of the approaches fully reflects the situation arises. The present article deals with these problems by combining the approaches of different authors from the aspects of identification and evaluation of factors affecting creativity. The aim of the article is to develop an evaluation system for factors affecting creativity in the Lithuanian Armed Forces. In an attempt to identify and evaluate factors affecting creativity, expert and multicriteria methods for evaluation were applied. A multi-level system for the evaluation of factors affecting creativity, that creates preconditions favourable for the identification of factors affecting creativity (by means of the method of determination of the significance of criteria), more objective evaluation of factors affecting creativity and development of suggestions for the stimulation of creativity, was suggested.

Abstract. High quality service delivery is one of the key factors to survive in the market. It is highly important to meet the needs of the client since business survival depends on the client's use of business services. In recent years, the requirements of customers for the companies providing logistics services, known as third party logistics (3 PL), are continuously rising. It is obvious that the clients, insisting on the total complex of logistics services, expect additional services which would enable them to compete in the market on more favourable terms. The present article is aimed at analysing theoretical and practical aspects of third party logistics and suggesting the integrated logistics services model based on the Lithuanian example.Keywords: logistics; third party logistics; logistics cooperation; service; sector; integrated; company. Įteikta 2012-05-10; priimta 2012-09-10 Santrauka. Aukštos kokybės paslaugų teikimas -vienas pagrindinių veiksnių, skatinančių išlikti rinkoje. Kadangi verslo išlikimas priklauso nuo to, ar klientas naudojasi verslo paslaugomis, svarbu suteikti klientui tai, ko jis nori. Kuo toliau, tuo didesnius reikalavimus klientai kelia kompanijoms, teikiančioms logistikos paslaugas ir vadinamoms trečiosios šalies paslaugų teikėjomis (3 PL). Tai natūralu, nes klientai, reikalaudami viso logistikos paslaugų komplekso, tikisi papildomų paslaugų, kurios sudarytų jiems galimybę ir palankesnes sąlygas konkuruoti rinkoje. Šiame straipsnyje keliamas tikslas -išanalizuoti teorinius ir praktinius trečiosios šalies logistikos aspektus, pasiūlyti kompleksinių logistikos paslaugų modelį, kuris būtų sudarytas remiantis Lietuvos pavyzdžiu.Reikšminiai žodžiai: logistika, trečiosios šalies logistika, logistinis bendradarbiavimas, paslauga, sektorius, kompleksinis, kompanija.

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This study develops diffusion models for technological consumer products under the marketing environment when a product is marketed in a segmented market and observes two distinctive promotional strategies of mass and differentiated promotion; an under explored study area. Mass promotion strategy creates a spectrum effect in market with an aim to create wider product awareness and influence the market size. Whereas the differentiated promotion strategy plays major role in external influence component in the respective segment and target for adoption by the current potential segment. Previous studies on segmented diffusion models assumed only first time purchase and constant market size which may yield underestimated results and fail to give appropriate insight of the diffusion process. The study develops and validates generalized diffusion models for segmented market incorporating the repurchase behaviour of the adopter population and dynamic potential market size considerations. Performance of the proposed models is analysed on real life data for a new product marketed in four segments and compared with the previous study.