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Whistle blowing is a term used to report the unethical act of colleagues and wrongdoings within the organization. Bringing attention towards the misconducts and organization’s effective response accordingly improves the productivity and quality of services. However, this generates the potential threats of organizational and interpersonal conflicts for the whistle-blower thus leads often failure in reporting by the personals or employees. This study explores the perceived barriers by the university teachers, which may hinder the process of reporting wrongdoings. Social constructionism qualitative research design is used. At first phase, face-to-face interviews of six faculty members and narrative research design has been used. At second phase, three focused group discussion sessions with total 24 participants, were carried out in three public sector universities of Punjab, purposively selected. Analysis shows that the people hesitate to blow the whistle due to psychological, social, and organizational barriers, like, fear of joblessness, security threats, lack of supportive organizational polices, lack of adequate mechanism for blowing the whistle, the personal waded interest of the personals. However, this procedure can be enhanced by addressing the issue well in time, adequate security measures, ensured job security for the whistle-blowers, and adoption of a well-developed reporting mechanism in the universities.

This paper presents the historical account of women welfare laws in Pakistan in the light of political-historical events. This article is based on conventional content analysis focusing the women welfare in Pakistan under the different governments. The purpose of this research is to describe the original situations behind the pro-women laws in Pakistan. Present study is comprised of two sections; section-I deals with the pre-independence women legislative frame work while section-II covers with the post-independence women legislative frame work in Pakistan from 1947 to 2010. Under the new born state, first effort was made by promulgating MFLO, 1961 by the state but it could not uplift the status of women in the country. Even women could not get welfare under the banner of “Islamization of laws” in 1979. Again, a state effort was made by promulgating laws under “Women Protection Bill” but despite this promulgation of a number of laws in the present century, much remains to be done for such oppressed group. They are still in social malaise and face poverty, discrimination, violence, and disparity on different grounds. Observing from the historical account, discriminatory welfare measures deny women constitutionally guaranteed parity and protections. Hence; seems to be suppressing women status through anti-welfare steps in Pakistan. Pakistan should repeal all such laws, including the discriminatory legislation, to end the state-certified gender disparity that has destabilized women’s welfare and self-assurance and has promoted violence and intolerance in the country.

The purpose of this study was to find out the advantages and disadvantages of smartphone usage in the academic life of Social Work students at the University of the Punjab, Lahore. The quantitative research methodology was adopted in this study. The survey of Social Work students from the university was done by employing purposive sampling technique. Students having smartphones were part of this study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from 203 Social Work students of the University of the Punjab. The SPSS was used to analyze the data among the smartphone users. The Social Work students used smartphones not primarily for academic purposes but for social activities. It also operated as a learning aid, which was absolutely essential to students which made them capable to find quick information and got their time saved. Smartphones were also seen more as a distraction in the classroom rather than learning aid as smartphone produce distraction in the classroom and this distraction diverted students’ attention in the class. Students multitasking and non-academic usage of smartphone produced negative impact on students’ learning and resultantly lower their academic performance. Smartphone usage seemed great if smartphone is capitalized to achieve the benefits associated with its use; resultantly the Social Work students can possibly enhance their academic learning that may lead them to success in their academic life.

The glass ceiling is a vertical segregation of women from top positions and hinders women's advancement in organizations at top positions. The study was focused to investigate the effect of the determining factors on the glass ceiling in the career advancement of women in HEIs. The study was quantitative and a multistage sampling technique was used to draw the population sample of the study. Total 154 faculty members from three public sector universities were selected. To achieve the research objectives, descriptive statistics, test of independence, and multiple regression analysis were applied to investigate the significant predictors of the glass ceiling effect. The results revealed that there was an association between the gender of the faculty member and the designation. Further, the factors "Perceived discrimination" (β = .134, p < .01) and "Male dominating culture' (β = .295, p < .001) were found the significantly determined the glass ceiling. Based on the findings of the study it was recommended that to control the glass ceiling effect for women, HEIs must include the blind review-based promotion and selection criteria at least for top management positions.

The rapid development in 21st century not only gave birth to urbanization but also accompanied emergence of slums in cities. Now days, one of the phenomena grabbing serious attention of social scientists is the association between street – begging and poverty not just in developing countries but also in the developed ones. This research paper intends to analyze the relationship that occurs between street – begging and poverty as a social issue, leading towards its prevention approaches. The study site was Sialkot, a city of province Punjab, Pakistan. It was descriptive cross – sectional and a quantitative approach in its nature. For primary data collection, descriptive survey and designed questionnaire was administered to One hundred and thirty respondent street – beggars chosen randomly from various public places in city. The data analysis phased employed simple descriptive statistics. Finally, an attempt has been made by recommending in form of a road map in order to prevent the city’s discomfort. Findings reveal that majority of beggars are poor, illiterate and needy. They make both ends meet by begging at several spaces and are deprived of generous helping hands. Moreover, begging is a consequence of several factors i.e. poverty, parental loss, physical challenges, unemployment – to name just a few. Furthermore, the recommendations include incorporation of this socio – economically marginalized group in Pakistan’s anti – poverty program. This section is in dire need of employment opportunities provided by Sialkot’s industrialist community in order to desist them from indulging in beggary. The local government authorities and policy planners must embrace multi – targeted approaches in the practice reactive interventions.

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